C5 sensation and perception Flashcards
Sensation
detection of stimuli goes to brain
Perception
interpretation of sensory input
apply different senses
Bottom-up Processing
start with individual elements that make up an object, and interpret as a whole
Top-down Processing
Interpret sensory with existing knowledge, expectations, experiences
what we expect- what we receive
Transduction
sensory info is converted to neural signals for the brain to interpret
connect the outside world
Stimulus
any detectable input from the environment
Absolute Threshold
the minimum amount of stimulations that can be detected
Sensory Adaption
a decline in sensitivity due to constant stimulation
Sounds as stimulus
sound waves are vibrtions that travel trough a medium, such as air
Amplitude
sounds can be described in amplitude (loudness)
measured in decibels
Frequency
measured in cycles per second or Hertz
pitch depends in frequency
Human: 20HZ to 20000 Hz
Sounds travel
Tympanic membrane (eardrum) - Middle ear - Semicircular canals - inner ear (Cochlea) - Auditory nerves - brain (Temporal Lobe)
Gustatory System
sansory system for taste
to Tholamus
Gustatory receptors
taste cells found in taste buds
Olfactory System
olfactory cilia (hair) to olfactory bulb to brian
snake
no taste or smell receptors
Jacobson’s organ - nerve - brain
Flehmen response
transfer of pheromones ane other tastes
Tactile System
anything comes in contact of skin
signals to Thalamus - Parietal Lobe
Vibrating Spiders
web vibrations
The visual system
stimulus is light
measured in nanometers
The eye
lights enter cornea - lens - retina - optical nerves - brain
Rods
night vision
peripheral vision
Cons
daylight vision
colour vision
Gastult psychology
humans have basic tendencies to actively organize what they see
the whole is greater than the sum of its part
ambiguous figure-ground relationship
Gastult psychology
laws of similarity
laws of proximity
laws of closure
laws of continuity
Perceptual constancies
shape constancy
size constancy
brightness constancy
