c5 - Flashcards
At age 12, Anna is 5 feet and 2 inches tall, which makes her taller than most boys her age. In the context of the pubertal process, this is most likely due to the fact that
- the growth spurt occurs in girls but not in boys.
- the growth spurt for girls tends to be longer than the growth spurt for boys.
- the growth spurt for girls occurs about two years before the growth spurt for boys.
- the growth spurt for boys is decreasing in length with each passing generation.
the growth spurt for girls occurs about two years before the growth spurt for boys.
The testis-determining factor (TDF) is responsible for
- differentiation of gonads into testes.
- differentiation of the Müllerian ducts into testes.
- differentiation of the Wolffian ducts into testes.
- descent of the testes after differentiation.
differentiation of gonads into testes.
Which of the following is most likely to result from increased levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in females?
- increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- decreased levels of estrogen
- increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)
- decreased levels of estradiol
increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)
Which of the following may be a consequence of undescended testes in a male?
- increased motility of sperm
- increased testosterone production
- inhibition of sperm production
- decreased likelihood of testicular cancer
inhibition of sperm production
Hormones are
- secreted directly into the bloodstream.
- manufactured solely by the sex glands—the testes and the ovaries.
- manufactured solely by the pituitary glands.
- of only two types—androgens and estrogens.
secreted directly into the bloodstream.
Which of the following is true of adolescence?
- Modern American culture has an unusually short period of adolescence.
- It solely represents a biological transition from child to adult
- A century ago, adolescence was much longer.
- In some cultures, adolescence does not exist.
In some cultures, adolescence does not exist.
Stacy is 18 years old. Though she had regular menstrual cycles previously, she has not experienced menstruation for the past 3 months. Her condition is known as
- primary amenorrhea.
- secondary dysmenorrhea.
- primary dysmenorrhea.
- secondary amenorrhea.
secondary amenorrhea.
A woman has a 30-day menstrual cycle. She has had a 30-day cycle since she began menstruating. She is most likely to ovulate on about day
- 12.
- 20.
- 16.
- 24.
16
Which of the following statements regarding brain differentiation in males and females is true?
- The differences in the brain structures of males and females are “hardwired” differences present from birth.
- The hypothalamus and the amygdala are among the few brain structures that show gender differentiation.
- The primary sex-differentiated structure is the cerebellum.
- Epigenetic changes that bring about gender differentiation in the brain occur only during postnatal development.
The hypothalamus and the amygdala are among the few brain structures that show gender differentiation.
Which of the following is true about masturbation and menstruation?
- Masters and Johnson suggested that fluids become congested in the pelvic region after an orgasm during menstruation.
- Masturbation is not advised during menstruation because it may exacerbate the cramps.
- Masters and Johnson suggested masturbation as a possible remedy for menstrual cramps.
- Masturbation is dangerous because orgasm interferes with the uterine contractions necessary for menstrual flow.
Masters and Johnson suggested masturbation as a possible remedy for menstrual cramps.
One of your friends is in medical school. She tells you about a syndrome in which a genetic female develops ovaries normally as a fetus; however, due to the abnormal functioning of the adrenal gland, an excess amount of androgen is produced, resulting in external genitals that are partly or completely male in appearance. Your friend is unable to recall the name of the syndrome. You know it and are able to tell her that it is
- cryptorchidism.
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
- androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS).
- Klinefelter’s syndrome.
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
Human females engage in sexual behavior
- primarily in the middle of their estrous cycle.
- only when they are in “heat,” like all other mammals.
- throughout the menstrual cycle.
- only during menstruation, because they are least likely to become pregnant during this phase.
throughout the menstrual cycle.
In an experiment, psychologist Diane Ruble divided her sample into three experimental groups. She measured their reactions to being given different information about their menstrual cycles. The group that reported more water retention, pain, and changes in eating
- was taking birth control pills.
- was given no information about the predicted date of menstruation.
- was told that they were “intermenstrual” and their period was due in 7–10 days.
- was told that they were “premenstrual” and their period was due in 1 or 2 days.
was told that they were “premenstrual” and their period was due in 1 or 2 days.
Which of the following statements about male and female hormone systems is true?
- Only testosterone levels differ between men and women.
- Levels of estradiol are higher in women.
- The ovaries and testes produce very different hormones.
- Levels of progesterone are higher in women.
Only testosterone levels differ between men and women.
Research on performance—such as intellectual or athletic performance—generally shows that
- performance declines during menstruation.
- no fluctuations exist over the cycle.
- performance declines just prior to menstruation.
- peak performance occurs around ovulation.
no fluctuations exist over the cycle.
