C4.1 Flashcards
What is group 1 of the periodic table?
The alkali metals
They form alkaline solutions when reacted with water
What are the properties of group 1?
Shiny
Good conductors
Solid at room temperature but can be cut
What are the general trends of group 1 metals?
Become softer down the group
Density increases going down
Melting point decreases
Reactivity increases down the group
How do they react with water?
Produce metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Lithium - fizzes steadily, disappears slowly
Sodium - melts to form a silvery ball, fizzes vigorously, quickly disappears
Potassium - ignites and burns with a lilac flame, very quickly disappears
Why is group 1 so reactive?
Very easy to lose one electron in the outer shell
What is group 7?
The halogens
Diatomic molecules
Coloured vapours
What are the properties of group 7?
Brittle in solid state
Poor conductors
Weak intermolecular forces
What are the trends of group 7?
Density increases down the group
Melting and boiling points increase
Reactivity decreases
What are the elements in group 7?
Fluorine - pale yellow gas
Chlorine - green gas
Bromine - orange/brown liquid, vaporises easily
Iodine - shiny grey-black crystalline solid, sublimes to form a purple vapour
How do halogens react with group 1?
React vigorously to produce salts
What is a halide?
A compound containing a group 7 element and another element
E.g. sodium bromide
What is group 0?
Noble gases
Very un reactive
Why are noble gases so unreactive?
As they already have a complete outer shell so have no reason to lose, gain or share any electrons
What are the properties of group 0?
Monatomic (exist as a single atom)
Weak forces of attraction
What are the trends of group 0?
Very low boiling points but increase down the group as attractive forces get stronger
Very low densities but increase down the group
