C4 - Antidepressants/ ADD malarky

Question 1

Amitriptyline

Answer 1

A. Antidepressant/ SSNRI/ tricyclic
B. Neurotransmitters (NE/ serotonin) reuptake inhibitor increases concentration of neurotransmitter in CNS
block muscarinic R -> dry mouth
block alpha2 adrenogenic R
C. Depression 
co-analgesic

Question 2

Nortriptyline

Answer 2

A. Antidepressant/ TCA/ tricyclic / thymeretic (=psychomotor activating effect)
B. Neurotransmitter reuptake inhibitor increases concentration of neurotransmitters in CNS.
block muscarinic R -> dry mouth
block alpha2 adrenogenic R
C. Depression
co-analgesic

Question 3

Paroxetine

Answer 3

A. Antidepressant/ SSRI
B. Little or no affinity for alpha adrenergic histamine or cholinergic receptor
C. Depression/ OCD

Question 4

Escitalopram

Answer 4

A. Antidepressant/ SSRI
B. S-enantiomer of racemic citalopram inhibits the reuptake of serotonin with little or no effect on NE or dopamine re-uptake
C. Major depressive disorder.

Question 5

Sertraline

Answer 5

A. Antidepressant/ SSRI
B. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor little or no affinity for alpha adrenergic histamine or cholinergic inhibitor
C. Major depressive disorder

Question 6

Mirtazapine

Answer 6

A. Anti-depressant/ Alpha2 antagonist/ sedative / tricyclic
B. Tetracycline structure different from SSRI, TCAs and MAOI through its central pre-synaptic alpha2 and adrenergic antagonistic effects. Stimulates NE and serotonin release, potent antagonists of 5HT2/3 and histamine H1
C. add-on medication (together with duloxetine, ventaxafine) for resistant depression treatment
Depression/ Post traumatic stress disorder

Question 7

Duloxetine

Answer 7

A. Anti-depressant, SNIRS
B. Exact mechanism is unknown but serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitor
C. Major depressive disorder.
co-analgesic

Question 8

Ventaxafine

Answer 8

A. Antidepressant
B. Inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and NE with a potency greater for 5HT3 than NE reuptake process
C. Major depressive disorder

Question 9

Bupropione

Answer 9

A. Antidepressant of aminoketone groups
B. Dopamine uptake inhibitor
(i) Selectively inhibits the neuronal re-uptake of dopamine NE and serotonin action on dopaminergic systems are more significant.
(ii) The increase in NE may attentuate nicotine withdrawal symptoms and increases in dopamine at neuronal site may reduce nicotine cravings and the urge to smoke
C. depression, smoking cessation

Question 10

Agomelatine

Answer 10

A. Anti-depressant
B. Agonist at melatonin receptor MT1/ 2
Antagonist for serotonin 5ht 2 receptors
C. Major depressive disorder.

Question 11

Methyl-Phenidate

Answer 11

A. Dopamine uptake inhibitor/ Amphetamine
B. Blocks NE and dopamine
(i) Blocks dopamine uptake in central adrenergic neurons by blocking dopamine transport or carrier proteins
(ii) Acts as a brain stem arousal system and the cerebral cortex and causes increased sympathomimetic activity in the CNS
C. ADD/ ADHD

Question 12

Atomoxetine

Answer 12

A. SNRI
B. Inhibition of NE transporter increases NE concentration in the prefrontal cortex.
C. ADHD

Question 13

Caffeine

Answer 13

A. Psycho-analeptic
B. Stimulation of the cerebral cortex, breathing, circulation dilation of BV, diuresis
C. Fatigue

Question 14

Baclofenam

Answer 14

A. Muscle relaxant
B. Stimulation of GABA R supresses spinal reflex
C. Muscular and spinal spasms of muscular contractions.

Question 15

Tolperisone

Answer 15

A. Muscle relaxant
B. Inhibition of Na+ and Ca++ channels suppresses spinal reflex
C. Spasms after stroke.