C3 - Antipsychotics and what not Flashcards
Haloperidol
A. 1st gen antipsychotic (Typical)
B. antagonises dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the brain. Depresses reticular activating system and inhibits the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones.
thymeretic = no sedation, mood stimulation
C. Schizophrenia, Tourette, delirium, psychosis
for acute and chronic treatment
Melperone
A. 1st gen anti-psychotic (Atypical) B. Binds to D2 recp just like other clinically utilised anti-psychotic but it has a very low affinity and hence liable to dissociate from D2. higher affinity to serotonin R 5HT2. thymoleptic = sedative in low dose anipsychotic in high dose C. Insomnia/ confused states
Sulpiride
A. Anti-psychotic (Typical, today not classified as typical or atypical)
B. Selective antagonist of D2 and D3 rec. -> no negative feedback through dopamine -> anti depressive action
thymeretic = no sedtion
has also autonomic effects (nausea, vomiting, panic attacks)
C. Schizophrenia, autism, Bipolar disorder
Zuclopenthixol
A. Anti-psychotic/ Thioxanthane
B. High affinity for dopamine D1/ D2 for alpha-1 adrenoreceptors and 5HT2 receptors but no affinity for cholinergic recpetors. It has weak H1 receptor affinity and alpha 2 adrenoreceptor blocking.
C. Aggressive behaviour
Chloroprothixene
A. Antipsychotic/ Thioxanthane
B. 5HT2 antagonists = anxiolysis, weight gain
or D1, D2, D3 = antipsychotic effect sedation
C. Schizophrenia and chronic psychosis in high dosage/ Insomnia before bed or sedative in low dosage
Clozapine
A. Antipsychotic (Atypical)/ 2nd gen
B. Weak D2 and D1 blocking activity, noradrenolytic, anticholinergic and anti-histaminic and arousal reaction inhibition. antiserotonine function against 5HT2
-> no extrapyramidal side effects
C. Schizophrenia (last resort)
Olanzapine
A. Atypical antipsychotic (2nd gen)
B. May act through the combination of dopamine and serotonin type 2 receptor (5HT2) site antagonism.
C. Delirium illusions, acute and chronic psychosis
Risperidone
A. Atypical antipsychotic (2nd gen)
B. Affinity for 5ht2 receptors binds to dopamine 2.
C. schizophrenia (just for chronic psychosis)
Quetiapine
A. Antipsychotic (2nd gen) atypical
B. Releases positive and negative symptoms of psychotic disorders via antagonism of multiple neurotransmitters (D2 antagonism)
C. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder(for acute and chronic psychosis)
Aripiprazole
A. 2nd gen antipsychotic atypical
B. Atypical antagonist at D2 and serotonin receptors.
very thymeretic = mood elevating
C. Anti-depressant for drug resistant depression, schizophrenia
Diazepam
A. Anti-convulsant/ Diazepam 2 BDZ
B. Modulates post synaptic effects of GABA r transmission resulting in pre-synaptic inhibition. Appears to act on part of the limbic system as well as on thalamus and hypothalamus to induce a calming affect.
C. Anxiety, alcohol dependence, status epilepticus
Alprazolum
A. Benzodiazepine 1
B. No sedation (daily tranquilizer) GABA inhibition, very powerful anti-anxiety
C. Panic disorder
Clonazepam
A. Anti-convulsant/ Benzodiazepine 1
B. Long acting benzodiazepine, increases pre-synaptic GABA inhibition and reduces monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes. Suppresses muscle contractions by facilitating inhibitory GABA neurotransmissions
C. Panic/ seizures
Bromazepam
A. Benzodiazepine 2
B. Binds to GABA a increases the inhibitory affects of GABA, long acting benzodiazepine and its lipophillic and metabolised hepatically. It does not posses antidepressant qualities.
C. Anti-anxiety
Phenazepam
A. Benzodiazepine 3
B. GABA activation resulting in sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects.
C. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, anxiety
