C4 Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
The bonding between a metal and a non metal.
What is covalent bonding? What does it involve?
Covalent bonding involves two non metal elements sharing an electron - not losing or gaining electrons.
What are ions?
Ions are electrically charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons.
Do metal elements create a positive or negative ion?
AND
Do non metal elements create a positive or negative ion?
Metals form positive ions.
Non metals form negative ions.
What is an ionic bond?
The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
How can an atom become stable?
By gaining a full outer shell of electrons.
“An atom with free electrons can conduct electricity”
TRUE OR FALSE.
True.
How is a positive ion formed?
Through the loss of negative electrons.
How is a negative ion formed?
As electrons are added to an element.
What does the group of an element signify?
The number of electrons in the elements outer shell.
What does the period of an element signify?
The number of shells it has.
Why can’t ionic compounds conduct electricity in a solid? Why can they conduct electricity when in liquid or molten form?
In a solid the ions are not free to move whereas in a liquid the ions are free and can conduct electricity.
What does OIL RIG mean?
Oxidation is loss; reduction is gain.
Why is lithium less reactive than other group 1 metals?
Because the outer electron is closer to the nucleus than elements further down the group so the attraction to the nucleus is stronger so more energy is needed break the force of attraction and therefore less energy is released and the reaction is less violent.
Give the name that group 1 metals are commonly given?
The Alkali Metals
What is density of a metal?
How compact a substance is (hardness).
What is metallic bonding?
Why does it happen? Explain.
A strong bond between metals that gives them a high melting and boiling point.
Since electrons are negative and metals contain positive ions there is a strong force of attraction between the delocalised sea of electrons and the positive metal ions - metallic bonding!
TRUE OR FALSE
In a symbol equation Halides are always expressed in twos? (little number)
TRUE
What happens in a displacement reaction?
The more reactive element will displace the less reactive element in a compound.
Where are transition metals found on the periodic table?
In-between groups 2 and 3 in the middle of the periodic table.
Which transition metal is used in the Haber process?
Which is used to make margarine?
Iron.
Nickel.
Give one common use of transition metals?
Catalysts.
TRUE OR FALSE
“Transition metals have very different properties to other metals”?
FALSE
They have similar properties to other metals.
What do we use to test for thermal decomposition?
How can we tell if it has occurred?
We use LIMEWATER to test for thermal decomposition.
If it has went from clear to cloudy, and if the compound has changed colour, then thermal decomposition has occurred.
