C4 Flashcards
What are the relevant pieces of legislation related to consent and capacity issues in Ontario?
- Health Care Consent Act, 1996
- Substitute Decisions Act, 1992
- Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004
These laws govern how consent is obtained and handled in health care settings.
Define express consent.
Obtained in writing or orally, e.g., signing a written consent form for a specific surgical procedure.
Express consent is a clear and direct agreement to a procedure or treatment.
Define implied consent.
A person’s actions or inactions, e.g., rolling up your sleeve for a blood sample.
Implied consent is inferred from a person’s behavior.
What is an advance directive?
Directives regarding a person’s wishes for care if they become incapable of consenting.
Advance directives specify preferences for treatment in advance.
Who is a substitute decision-maker?
A person who makes decisions on behalf of someone incapable of making those decisions.
Substitute decision-makers can be appointed in various ways, including through power of attorney.
List factors affecting the health care needs of the elderly.
- General health
- Disabilities
- Financial situation
- Housing
- Support network (family and friends)
These factors can significantly influence the type and level of care required.
What is the primary goal of palliative care?
To reduce suffering and improve the quality of life for people living with life-limiting illness.
Palliative care includes pain management and support for caregivers.
True or False: Mentally competent people in Canada can refuse treatment.
True
Health care professionals must respect the decisions of competent adults.
Define euthanasia.
A deliberate act to end the life of another person to relieve suffering.
Euthanasia is considered a Criminal Code offence in Canada.
What was the outcome of R v Latimer, 2001 SCC 1?
Latimer was convicted of second-degree murder for asphyxiating his daughter to relieve her suffering.
The Supreme Court of Canada upheld the conviction unanimously.
What did Section 241(b) of the Criminal Code state regarding assisted suicide?
Everyone who aids or abets a person in committing suicide commits an indictable offence.
This provision was part of the legal framework against assisted dying.
What significant change occurred in June 2016 regarding medical assistance in dying (MAID)?
The federal government enacted a new law creating the framework for MAID.
This law established conditions and safeguards for MAID.
What are the eligibility criteria for medical assistance in dying?
- Be at least 18 years old
- Be mentally competent
- Have a grievous and irremediable medical condition
- Make a voluntary request for MAID
- Give informed consent
These criteria ensure that the decision for MAID is made responsibly.
Fill in the blank: If a mental illness is the ________ medical condition leading you to consider MAID, you are not eligible.
only
Current laws exclude individuals whose sole condition is a mental illness until specific changes take effect.
When will individuals with mental illness as their sole underlying condition be eligible for MAID?
March 17, 2027
This extension was enacted to allow access to MAID under certain safeguards.
What are the relevant pieces of legislation related to consent and capacity issues in Ontario?
- Health Care Consent Act, 1996
- Substitute Decisions Act, 1992
- Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004
These laws govern how consent is obtained and handled in health care settings.
Define express consent.
Obtained in writing or orally, e.g., signing a written consent form for a specific surgical procedure.
Express consent is a clear and direct agreement to a procedure or treatment.
Define implied consent.
A person’s actions or inactions, e.g., rolling up your sleeve for a blood sample.
Implied consent is inferred from a person’s behavior.
What is an advance directive?
Directives regarding a person’s wishes for care if they become incapable of consenting.
Advance directives specify preferences for treatment in advance.
Who is a substitute decision-maker?
A person who makes decisions on behalf of someone incapable of making those decisions.
Substitute decision-makers can be appointed in various ways, including through power of attorney.
List factors affecting the health care needs of the elderly.
- General health
- Disabilities
- Financial situation
- Housing
- Support network (family and friends)
These factors can significantly influence the type and level of care required.
What is the primary goal of palliative care?
To reduce suffering and improve the quality of life for people living with life-limiting illness.
Palliative care includes pain management and support for caregivers.
True or False: Mentally competent people in Canada can refuse treatment.
True
Health care professionals must respect the decisions of competent adults.
Define euthanasia.
A deliberate act to end the life of another person to relieve suffering.
Euthanasia is considered a Criminal Code offence in Canada.
What was the outcome of R v Latimer, 2001 SCC 1?
Latimer was convicted of second-degree murder for asphyxiating his daughter to relieve her suffering.
The Supreme Court of Canada upheld the conviction unanimously.
What did Section 241(b) of the Criminal Code state regarding assisted suicide?
Everyone who aids or abets a person in committing suicide commits an indictable offence.
This provision was part of the legal framework against assisted dying.
What significant change occurred in June 2016 regarding medical assistance in dying (MAID)?
The federal government enacted a new law creating the framework for MAID.
This law established conditions and safeguards for MAID.
What are the eligibility criteria for medical assistance in dying?
- Be at least 18 years old
- Be mentally competent
- Have a grievous and irremediable medical condition
- Make a voluntary request for MAID
- Give informed consent
These criteria ensure that the decision for MAID is made responsibly.
Fill in the blank: If a mental illness is the ________ medical condition leading you to consider MAID, you are not eligible.
only
Current laws exclude individuals whose sole condition is a mental illness until specific changes take effect.
When will individuals with mental illness as their sole underlying condition be eligible for MAID?
March 17, 2027
This extension was enacted to allow access to MAID under certain safeguards.
