C4 Flashcards
What is the order of the reactivity series?
HIGHEST TO LOWEST=
Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Carbon, Zinc, Iron, Tin, Lead, Hydrogen, Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum
K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, C, Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Au, Ag, Pt
What is OIL RIG?
Oxidisation
Is
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain
What is the equation for a neutralisation reaction?
Acid + base —> Salt + water
What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ion as the pH decreases 1?
pH level decreases by 1= concentration of hydrogen ions increases by a factor of 10
What happens when strong acids are put in water?
They completely ionise in water
What happens when weak acids are placed in water?
They only partially ionise in water
Does extracting metals require a lot of energy or not a lot of energy?
A lot of energy
When will extracting metals be used?
If the metal is more reactive than carbon
What must be the properties of the electrolyte?
Must be molten or aqueous
Must be able to conduct electricity
What is the anode?
The positive electrode, so the negative ions move towards it
What is the cathode?
A negative electrode, so the positive ions will move towards it
What are half equations?
Equations that show reduction reactions at the cathode, and oxidisation reactions at the anode
What happens if the solution is aqueous?
At the cathode, hydrogen is produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen
At the anode, oxygen is produced unless the solution contains halide ions- then the halogen is produced
What happens if the compounds are molten?
The metal is produced at the cathode
The non metal is produced at the anode
E.g. lead bromide- lead produced at cathode, bromine produced at anode
What is PANIC?
Positive Anode
Negative is Cathode
How does electrolysis work?
Electrical current passes through the electrolyte, and the ions move towards the electrodes where they react
