C38 - South Africa Flashcards
1
Q
Where are most of South Africa’s wine regions found?
A
On the coast
2
Q
Why can South Africa produce a broad range of styles?
A
Proximity to the coast and the mountainous backdrop
3
Q
What is the latitude range within which South Africa lies?
A
27° - 34˚ south of the equator
4
Q
What should be the result of the latitude range of South Africa? Why does this not necessarily apply?
A
It should be hot Vineyards here are subject to cooling influences
5
Q
Where does South Africa’s most important cooling influence come from?
A
The Southern Ocean
6
Q
Describe the Benguela Current and its effects
A
It is cold It flows up from the Antarctic, past the tip and up the west coast of Africa, cooling coastal areas
7
Q
How is the cooling effect of the Benguela Current magnified?
A
By the Cape Doctor
8
Q
Describe the Cape Doctor
A
A regular, strong, south-easterly summer wind Brings air cooled b the ocean further inland and can reduce temperatures by an additional couple of degrees in some areas
9
Q
What is South Africa’s second cooling influence?
A
The mountain ranges that run through the wine regions
10
Q
What do the mountain ranges of South Africa offer producers?
A
A dramatic range of different altitudes and aspectsA multitude of different soils
11
Q
What is the influence of altitude on winemaking in South Africa?
A
It has a marked impact on vineyard climateHigher altitudes are coolerLower altitudes are warmer
12
Q
What kind of aspect may be seen as preferable in South Africa? Why?
A
Southern aspects To benefit from cooler temperatures
13
Q
Other than aspect and altitude, how else may mountains affect cooling in South Africa?
A
They may cast shadows over vineyards at certain times of the day
14
Q
What secondary effect may mountain ranges have on cooling in South Africa nearer the coast?
A
They can help channel the winds through the vineyards
15
Q
What is the most widely planted black variety in South Africa?
A
Cabernet Sauvignon
16
Q
How may Cabernet Sauvignon be used in wines in South Africa?
A
Either as a varietal wine or in a blend with Merlot and Cabernet Franc for Bordeaux-style blends
17
Q
What style of wine can Merlot produce in South Africa?
A
Full-bodied, plummy wines
18
Q
What are the main black varieties of South Africa?
A
Cabernet SauvignonMerlotSyrahPinot NoirPinotage
19
Q
Beside the Bordeaux varieties, what is the next most planted black variety in South Africa?
A
Syrah
20
Q
Describe Syrah wines from hot climates in South Africa
A
Rich and full-bodied High alcohol Ripe black fruit flavours Sometimes earthy or meaty character
21
Q
How does Syrah from cooler areas of South Africa differ from those of the warmer climes?
A
Less full-bodied Peppery
22
Q
Describe Pinot Noir’s role in South Africa
A
Less tolerant of the hot South African climate Planted in small amounts in the coolest coastal areas
23
Q
What is the role of oak in the vinification of South African reds?
A
The vast majority of premium reds are matured in oak At least a proportion of new barrels used for toasty aromas
24
Q
Which varieties were crossed to make Pinotage?
A
Pinot Noir x Cinsault
25
Where was Pinotage developed?
South Africa
26
What is notable about the role of Pinotage in South Africa?
It's hardly grown anywhere else in the world
27
What style is Pinotage made into?
It's made in a range of styles
28
What is a 'Cape blend'?
Where Pinotage is blended with international varieties
29
What are the three most popular styles of Pinotage, single-varietal wine?
Light, fruity style with red berry flavoursFull-bodied from old bush vines, with rich, spiced berry fruitIntense coffee and chocolate aromas when fermented and/or stored with heavily toasted oak staves
30
How is Pinotage often marketed?
Often to highlight its unique style (dependent on what style its been vinified to)
31
What is the most widely planted variety in South Africa?
Chenin Blanc
32
Describe the importance of Chenin Blanc as a variety in South Africa
It's the most widely planted grape, but in decline
33
What style is Chenin Blanc made into in South Africa
Dry and sweet styles
34
Describe basic wines from Chenin Blanc in South Africa
Easy drinking with simple stone-fruit flavours
35
What is the increasing trend when making Chenin Blanc wine in South Africa?
An increasing number of producers are using Chenin from old bush vines
36
What can be the effect on wine of making Chenin Blanc from old bush vines?
It can offer more concentrated and complex flavours and a fuller texture
37
What may barrel fermentation and barrel ageing contribute to a Chenin Blanc in South Africa?
Extra body and toasty oak flavours
38
What is the second most widely planted white variety in South Africa? What is it used for?
ColombardA significant portion is used in the production of brandy
39
What is a consistent feature between wines made from Sauvignon Blanc in South Africa?
They often have a herbaceous character
40
Where in South Africa do the best examples of Sauvignon Blanc come from?
The coolest sites
41
What kind of flavours/aromas might the best examples of Sauvignon Blanc display?
Very pure flavours of citrus and green fruit
42
How is the necessary acidity and flavours achieved in Sauvignon Blanc's warmer sites in South Africa achieved?
By picking earlier
43
Describe Chardonnay quality in South Africa
It can be exceptional
44
Which sites in South Africa produce the best examples of Chardonnay?
The cooler sites
45
Describe big contributing factors in the character of South Africa's best Chardonnays
The use of Burgundian techniques such as lees-stirring and barrel fermentation
46
What is Muscat of Alexandria called in South Africa?
Hanepoot
47
What is Hanepoot used for in South Africa?
Late-harvest dessert wines
48
Besides late-harvesting, how may South African dessert wines be sweetened?
Noble rot can have an influence
49
Plantings of which white grape have increased dramatically in South Africa over the last couple of decades?
Viognier
50
What is the usual style of Viognier wines from South Africa?
Rich, perfumed whites with a hint of toasty oak
51
Which style of wine has recently emerged in South Africa, particularly in Swartland?
High quality blends, often made from Chenin Blanc with Rhône varieties such as Marsanne, Rousanne, Grenache Blanc and Viognier
52
Where does well over 90% of wine made in South Africa come from?
The Western Cape
53
What are the most important regions of the Western Cape?
Coastal Region Breede River Valley Cape South Coast
54
Where does the majority of wine NOT from the Western Cape come from in South Africa?
Orange River in the Northern Cape
55
Briefly describe conditions in Orange River
Very hot and irrigated
56
What is wine from Orange River mostly known for?
Mostly inexpensive whites the are rarely seen on export markets
57
In South Africa, some wineries located in certain districts or wards may source their fruit from... How may these wines be labelled?
A wider area than the GI in which they're located With a region or a geographical unit e.g. Coastal Region or Western Cape
58
Where is the Stellenbosch region?
From just inland of the coast at Somerset West right up into the mountains that surround the town of Stellenbosch itself
59
What is the long-time hub of fine wine in South Africa?
Stellenbosch
60
Describe the climate of Stellenbosch
Moderate to warm depending on locationSufficient rain in winterSummers rarely too hot
61
Why are summers rarely too hot in Stellenbosch?
Thanks to cool winds from False Bay that are funnelled by the mountains into the valleys
62
What is largely credited for the success of Stellenbosch as a wine growing district?
The variety of altitude, aspect and soil that's available in such a relatively small area
63
What has Stellenbosch built a reputation for in recent years?
Top class reds
64
What reds in particular has Stellenbosch built a reputation for?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (often made into Bordeaux-style blends)SyrahCape red blends
65
What can the cooler sites in Stellenbosch produce?
High quality Sauvignon BlancChardonnay
66
Describe the Paarl district
A large district to the north of Stellenbosch
67
Describe the climate in Paarl
Less exposed to the cooling influences of the sea, being further inlandTemperatures hotter in summerCooler night-time temperatures
68
Describe the vineyards of Paarl
Variety of altitudes, aspects and soils offered by mountainous terrain
69
What are the most important reds of Paarl?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Pinotage
70
What are the most planted whites of Paarl?
Chenin Blanc and Chardonnay
71
What is noteworthy about the Constantia ward?
It has some of the oldest vineyards in the Cape
72
Where is the Constantia ward?
In the Cape Peninsula
73
How are the vineyards of Constantia Ward located?
On the eastern flanks of Table Mountain
74
How is temperature moderated in the vineyards of Constantia?
By the Cape Doctor
75
What do the producers of Cape Doctor have a particular reputation for?
Sauvignon Blanc
76
What is the name of the sweet wine produced from late-harvested Muscat in Constantia?
Vin de Constance
77
Describe the vineyards south of Table Mountain and the grapes they're famous for
Closer to Cape PointWell exposed to the cooling influence of the oceanMade a speciality of Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon
78
What is planted in the warmer sites south of Table Mountain in Constantia?
Some Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon
79
Which district lies to the north of Cape Town?
Swartland
80
What is Swartland's formative reputation?
As a source of inexpensive grapes and wine
81
What is the new reputation of Swartland?
As a centre of innovation and premium wine production
82
Swartland is recognised particularly as a source of ...and...
Old-vine Chenin BlancHigh-quality Syrah
83
What does 'dry-farming' mean?
Growing without irrigation
84
What is the effect of dry-farming Chenin Blanc and Syrah (as in Swartland)?
It lowers yields but enhances fruit concentration
85
Besides Chenin and Syrah, what else also comes from Swartland district?
A number of premium Cape blends (red and white)
86
What is to the south-west of Swartland?
The Darling district
87
Describe the climate in the Darling district
Its position near the coast means it receives cooling sea breezes
88
For what does the Darling district have its reputation?
Sauvignon Blanc
89
What is Darling's similarity with Swartland?
It is a source of old vines
90
What/where is Durbanville?
A ward in the Tygerberg district
91
What are sites like in Durbanville?
Offers hillside sites north of Cape TownCooled by sea breezes that also blow through the Cape Point
92
Durbanville has built a reputation for...
Sauvignon Blanc
93
What are the most important districts of Breede River Valley?
Worcester DistrictRobertson District
94
Where in Breede River Valley is Worcester district?
At the western end of Breede River Valley
95
Describe the climate in the Worcester district
Hot and dry
96
What is the result of the climate in the Worcester district?
Irrigation from the river is essential
97
What are the soils like in Breede River Valley?
Fertile
98
What is the role of the Worcester district in South Africa's wine production?
It can produce a significant proportion of South Africa's annual production
99
What is the majority of Worcester district wine made from?
Chenin Blanc and Colombard
100
Much of wine from Worcester district is used for...
Distillation
101
Other than wine for distillation, what else is Worcester district reputable for?
Red and white, high-volume, branded wines
102
Where is the Robertson district?
To the east of Worcester
103
What is the climate of Robertson district?
Similar but slightly cooler climate than Worcester district
104
Why is it cooler in Robertson district than Worcester district?
Thanks to south-easterly winds that are drawn into the valley
105
Of what is Robertson district a reliable source?
Well-made wines for high-volume brands
106
Besides high-volume wines, what else can be made in Robertson district?
Excellent Syrahs and full-bodied Chardonnays
107
What is the most southerly region of South Africa?
Cape South Coast
108
What is the reputation of the Cape South Coast area?
It is a regular source of some of the best fruit and wines in South Africa
109
What is the best-established vineyard area of Cape South Coast area?
Walker Bay district
110
What is contained within Walker Bay district?
The various wards of Hemel-en-Aarde
111
What is home to some of South Africa's best Chardonnays and Pinot Noirs?
Hemel-en-Aarde
112
What is also grown in Hemel-en-Aarde with great success (besides Pinot Noir and Chardonnay)?
Sauvignon BlancMerlotSyrah
113
What is to the north-west of Walker Bay?
The Elgin district
114
What is the important cooling influence in Elgin district?
Altitude
115
For what does Elgin district have a particular reputation?
Intense, fresh Sauvignon Blancs
116
Besides SB, which varieties are showing promise in Elgin district?
Pinot NoirChardonnaySyrah
117
What is to the south-east of Walker Bay?
The Elim ward (in the Cape Agulhas district)
118
For what does the Elim ward have a particular reputation?
Pungent, herbaceous Sauvignon BlancSyrah is also showing promise
119
What is the name of South Africa's GI system?
The Wine of Origin Scheme (W.O.)
120
What will wines stating Wine of Origin (W.O.) also carry?
A certification seal
121
How many different sizes of production area does South African law recognise? What are they?
FourGeographical UnitRegionsDistrictsWards
122
What is the only geographical unit in South Africa of any importance to wine?
Western Cape
123
What is the advantage of the Western Cape appellation?
It allows producers to blend the best parcels of fruit from different areas
124
What is the tendency as to how regions are defined in South Africa?
They follow dominant geological features
125
What are the most important regions for wine grape-growing in South Africa?
Coastal RegionBreede River ValleyCape South Coast
126
What are the rules behind labelling wines as Estate Wines in South Africa?
Must come from a single estateAll grapes must come from estate vineyards that cover a single geographical areaEstate must have facilities on their land allowing them to process the grapes and the wine up to and including bottling
127
What does Estate Wine law allow in South Africa?
It allows top producers to release Estate Wines AND other W.O. wines under their brand name
128
What does IPW stand for in South Africa and what does it mean?
Integrated Production of Wine (IPW)It's a voluntary sustainable agriculture scheme
129
Where are most of South Africa's wine regions found?
On the coast
130
Why can South Africa produce a broad range of styles?
Proximity to the coast and the mountainous backdrop
131
What is the latitude range within which South Africa lies?
27° - 34˚ south of the equator
132
What should be the result of the latitude range of South Africa? Why does this not necessarily apply?
It should be hot Vineyards here are subject to cooling influences
133
Where does South Africa's most important cooling influence come from?
The Southern Ocean
134
Describe the Benguela Current and its effects
It is cold It flows up from the Antarctic, past the tip and up the west coast of Africa, cooling coastal areas
135
How is the cooling effect of the Benguela Current magnified?
By the Cape Doctor
136
Describe the Cape Doctor
A regular, strong, south-easterly summer wind Brings air cooled b the ocean further inland and can reduce temperatures by an additional couple of degrees in some areas
137
What is South Africa's second cooling influence?
The mountain ranges that run through the wine regions
138
What do the mountain ranges of South Africa offer producers?
A dramatic range of different altitudes and aspectsA multitude of different soils
139
What is the influence of altitude on winemaking in South Africa?
It has a marked impact on vineyard climateHigher altitudes are coolerLower altitudes are warmer
140
What kind of aspect may be seen as preferable in South Africa? Why?
Southern aspects To benefit from cooler temperatures
141
Other than aspect and altitude, how else may mountains affect cooling in South Africa?
They may cast shadows over vineyards at certain times of the day
142
What secondary effect may mountain ranges have on cooling in South Africa nearer the coast?
They can help channel the winds through the vineyards
143
What is the most widely planted black variety in South Africa?
Cabernet Sauvignon
144
How may Cabernet Sauvignon be used in wines in South Africa?
Either as a varietal wine or in a blend with Merlot and Cabernet Franc for Bordeaux-style blends
145
What style of wine can Merlot produce in South Africa?
Full-bodied, plummy wines
146
What are the main black varieties of South Africa?
Cabernet SauvignonMerlotSyrahPinot NoirPinotage
147
Beside the Bordeaux varieties, what is the next most planted black variety in South Africa?
Syrah
148
Describe Syrah wines from hot climates in South Africa
Rich and full-bodied High alcohol Ripe black fruit flavours Sometimes earthy or meaty character
149
How does Syrah from cooler areas of South Africa differ from those of the warmer climes?
Less full-bodied Peppery
150
Describe Pinot Noir's role in South Africa
Less tolerant of the hot South African climate Planted in small amounts in the coolest coastal areas
151
What is the role of oak in the vinification of South African reds?
The vast majority of premium reds are matured in oak At least a proportion of new barrels used for toasty aromas
152
Which varieties were crossed to make Pinotage?
Pinot Noir x Cinsault
153
Where was Pinotage developed?
South Africa
154
What is notable about the role of Pinotage in South Africa?
It's hardly grown anywhere else in the world
155
What style is Pinotage made into?
It's made in a range of styles
156
What is a 'Cape blend'?
Where Pinotage is blended with international varieties
157
What are the three most popular styles of Pinotage, single-varietal wine?
Light, fruity style with red berry flavoursFull-bodied from old bush vines, with rich, spiced berry fruitIntense coffee and chocolate aromas when fermented and/or stored with heavily toasted oak staves
158
How is Pinotage often marketed?
Often to highlight its unique style (dependent on what style its been vinified to)
159
What is the most widely planted variety in South Africa?
Chenin Blanc
160
Describe the importance of Chenin Blanc as a variety in South Africa
It's the most widely planted grape, but in decline
161
What style is Chenin Blanc made into in South Africa
Dry and sweet styles
162
Describe basic wines from Chenin Blanc in South Africa
Easy drinking with simple stone-fruit flavours
163
What is the increasing trend when making Chenin Blanc wine in South Africa?
An increasing number of producers are using Chenin from old bush vines
164
What can be the effect on wine of making Chenin Blanc from old bush vines?
It can offer more concentrated and complex flavours and a fuller texture
165
What may barrel fermentation and barrel ageing contribute to a Chenin Blanc in South Africa?
Extra body and toasty oak flavours
166
What is the second most widely planted white variety in South Africa? What is it used for?
ColombardA significant portion is used in the production of brandy
167
What is a consistent feature between wines made from Sauvignon Blanc in South Africa?
They often have a herbaceous character
168
Where in South Africa do the best examples of Sauvignon Blanc come from?
The coolest sites
169
What kind of flavours/aromas might the best examples of Sauvignon Blanc display?
Very pure flavours of citrus and green fruit
170
How is the necessary acidity and flavours achieved in Sauvignon Blanc's warmer sites in South Africa achieved?
By picking earlier
171
Describe Chardonnay quality in South Africa
It can be exceptional
172
Which sites in South Africa produce the best examples of Chardonnay?
The cooler sites
173
Describe big contributing factors in the character of South Africa's best Chardonnays
The use of Burgundian techniques such as lees-stirring and barrel fermentation
174
What is Muscat of Alexandria called in South Africa?
Hanepoot
175
What is Hanepoot used for in South Africa?
Late-harvest dessert wines
176
Besides late-harvesting, how may South African dessert wines be sweetened?
Noble rot can have an influence
177
Plantings of which white grape have increased dramatically in South Africa over the last couple of decades?
Viognier
178
What is the usual style of Viognier wines from South Africa?
Rich, perfumed whites with a hint of toasty oak
179
Which style of wine has recently emerged in South Africa, particularly in Swartland?
High quality blends, often made from Chenin Blanc with Rhône varieties such as Marsanne, Rousanne, Grenache Blanc and Viognier
180
Where does well over 90% of wine made in South Africa come from?
The Western Cape
181
What are the most important regions of the Western Cape?
Coastal Region Breede River Valley Cape South Coast
182
Where does the majority of wine NOT from the Western Cape come from in South Africa?
Orange River in the Northern Cape
183
Briefly describe conditions in Orange River
Very hot and irrigated
184
What is wine from Orange River mostly known for?
Mostly inexpensive whites the are rarely seen on export markets
185
In South Africa, some wineries located in certain districts or wards may source their fruit from... How may these wines be labelled?
A wider area than the GI in which they're located With a region or a geographical unit e.g. Coastal Region or Western Cape
186
Where is the Stellenbosch region?
From just inland of the coast at Somerset West right up into the mountains that surround the town of Stellenbosch itself
187
What is the long-time hub of fine wine in South Africa?
Stellenbosch
188
Describe the climate of Stellenbosch
Moderate to warm depending on locationSufficient rain in winterSummers rarely too hot
189
Why are summers rarely too hot in Stellenbosch?
Thanks to cool winds from False Bay that are funnelled by the mountains into the valleys
190
What is largely credited for the success of Stellenbosch as a wine growing district?
The variety of altitude, aspect and soil that's available in such a relatively small area
191
What has Stellenbosch built a reputation for in recent years?
Top class reds
192
What reds in particular has Stellenbosch built a reputation for?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (often made into Bordeaux-style blends)SyrahCape red blends
193
What can the cooler sites in Stellenbosch produce?
High quality Sauvignon BlancChardonnay
194
Describe the Paarl district
A large district to the north of Stellenbosch
195
Describe the climate in Paarl
Less exposed to the cooling influences of the sea, being further inlandTemperatures hotter in summerCooler night-time temperatures
196
Describe the vineyards of Paarl
Variety of altitudes, aspects and soils offered by mountainous terrain
197
What are the most important reds of Paarl?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Pinotage
198
What are the most planted whites of Paarl?
Chenin Blanc and Chardonnay
199
What is noteworthy about the Constantia ward?
It has some of the oldest vineyards in the Cape
200
Where is the Constantia ward?
In the Cape Peninsula
201
How are the vineyards of Constantia Ward located?
On the eastern flanks of Table Mountain
202
How is temperature moderated in the vineyards of Constantia?
By the Cape Doctor
203
What do the producers of Cape Doctor have a particular reputation for?
Sauvignon Blanc
204
What is the name of the sweet wine produced from late-harvested Muscat in Constantia?
Vin de Constance
205
Describe the vineyards south of Table Mountain and the grapes they're famous for
Closer to Cape PointWell exposed to the cooling influence of the oceanMade a speciality of Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon
206
What is planted in the warmer sites south of Table Mountain in Constantia?
Some Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon
207
Which district lies to the north of Cape Town?
Swartland
208
What is Swartland's formative reputation?
As a source of inexpensive grapes and wine
209
What is the new reputation of Swartland?
As a centre of innovation and premium wine production
210
Swartland is recognised particularly as a source of ...and...
Old-vine Chenin BlancHigh-quality Syrah
211
What does 'dry-farming' mean?
Growing without irrigation
212
What is the effect of dry-farming Chenin Blanc and Syrah (as in Swartland)?
It lowers yields but enhances fruit concentration
213
Besides Chenin and Syrah, what else also comes from Swartland district?
A number of premium Cape blends (red and white)
214
What is to the south-west of Swartland?
The Darling district
215
Describe the climate in the Darling district
Its position near the coast means it receives cooling sea breezes
216
For what does the Darling district have its reputation?
Sauvignon Blanc
217
What is Darling's similarity with Swartland?
It is a source of old vines
218
What/where is Durbanville?
A ward in the Tygerberg district
219
What are sites like in Durbanville?
Offers hillside sites north of Cape TownCooled by sea breezes that also blow through the Cape Point
220
Durbanville has built a reputation for...
Sauvignon Blanc
221
What are the most important districts of Breede River Valley?
Worcester DistrictRobertson District
222
Where in Breede River Valley is Worcester district?
At the western end of Breede River Valley
223
Describe the climate in the Worcester district
Hot and dry
224
What is the result of the climate in the Worcester district?
Irrigation from the river is essential
225
What are the soils like in Breede River Valley?
Fertile
226
What is the role of the Worcester district in South Africa's wine production?
It can produce a significant proportion of South Africa's annual production
227
What is the majority of Worcester district wine made from?
Chenin Blanc and Colombard
228
Much of wine from Worcester district is used for...
Distillation
229
Other than wine for distillation, what else is Worcester district reputable for?
Red and white, high-volume, branded wines
230
Where is the Robertson district?
To the east of Worcester
231
What is the climate of Robertson district?
Similar but slightly cooler climate than Worcester district
232
Why is it cooler in Robertson district than Worcester district?
Thanks to south-easterly winds that are drawn into the valley
233
Of what is Robertson district a reliable source?
Well-made wines for high-volume brands
234
Besides high-volume wines, what else can be made in Robertson district?
Excellent Syrahs and full-bodied Chardonnays
235
What is the most southerly region of South Africa?
Cape South Coast
236
What is the reputation of the Cape South Coast area?
It is a regular source of some of the best fruit and wines in South Africa
237
What is the best-established vineyard area of Cape South Coast area?
Walker Bay district
238
What is contained within Walker Bay district?
The various wards of Hemel-en-Aarde
239
What is home to some of South Africa's best Chardonnays and Pinot Noirs?
Hemel-en-Aarde
240
What is also grown in Hemel-en-Aarde with great success (besides Pinot Noir and Chardonnay)?
Sauvignon BlancMerlotSyrah
241
What is to the north-west of Walker Bay?
The Elgin district
242
What is the important cooling influence in Elgin district?
Altitude
243
For what does Elgin district have a particular reputation?
Intense, fresh Sauvignon Blancs
244
Besides SB, which varieties are showing promise in Elgin district?
Pinot NoirChardonnaySyrah
245
What is to the south-east of Walker Bay?
The Elim ward (in the Cape Agulhas district)
246
For what does the Elim ward have a particular reputation?
Pungent, herbaceous Sauvignon BlancSyrah is also showing promise
247
What is the name of South Africa's GI system?
The Wine of Origin Scheme (W.O.)
248
What will wines stating Wine of Origin (W.O.) also carry?
A certification seal
249
How many different sizes of production area does South African law recognise? What are they?
FourGeographical UnitRegionsDistrictsWards
250
What is the only geographical unit in South Africa of any importance to wine?
Western Cape
251
What is the advantage of the Western Cape appellation?
It allows producers to blend the best parcels of fruit from different areas
252
What is the tendency as to how regions are defined in South Africa?
They follow dominant geological features
253
What are the most important regions for wine grape-growing in South Africa?
Coastal RegionBreede River ValleyCape South Coast
254
What are the rules behind labelling wines as Estate Wines in South Africa?
Must come from a single estateAll grapes must come from estate vineyards that cover a single geographical areaEstate must have facilities on their land allowing them to process the grapes and the wine up to and including bottling
255
What does Estate Wine law allow in South Africa?
It allows top producers to release Estate Wines AND other W.O. wines under their brand name
256
What does IPW stand for in South Africa and what does it mean?
Integrated Production of Wine (IPW)It's a voluntary sustainable agriculture scheme
