C3 - Structure and Bonding

Question 1

Alloys

Answer 1

Different sized atoms disrupt the uniform layers of positive metal ions

Question 2

Metallic bonding

Answer 2

• Giant lattice of positive ions
• Delocalised electrons free to move throughought the lattice (called a sea of electrons)
• Strong electrostatic forces of attraction means high MP/BP
• Laters can slide over eachother - they can be hammered, bent and strung into wires

Question 3

Fullerenes

Answer 3

• Rings of 5/6/7 carbons in a sphere
• High tensile strength - reinforce composites
• Conduct electricity and heat
  Used for:
• Drug delivery
• Lubricants
• Catalysts (high SA:Vol)

Question 4

Graphene

Answer 4

• Single layer of graphite - 1 atom thick
• Excellent conductor of both electricity and heat
• Most reactive form of carbon
• Very low density
• Very strong for its mass

Question 5

Giant covalent properties

Answer 5

• High MP/BP
• Insoluble
• Hard
• Don’t conduct (except graphite)
• Giant lattice

Question 6

Graphite

Answer 6

• Carbon bonded to 3 other carbons
• Spare electrons means it can conduct electricity
• Hexagons in giant layers can slide over eachother
• Weak IMF between Layers
• Thermal conductor

Question 7

Nanoparticles

Answer 7

• Less than 0.1 micrometres
• Extremely high SA:Vol - used as catalysts
• Dangerous
• Very reactive
• Silver nanoparticles prevent infection