C3 Structure and Bonding

Question 1

What is a compound?

Answer 1

A compound contains two or more elements chemically combined

Question 2

How do elements form compounds?

Answer 2

Elements react together to form compounds by either
- sharing electrons
OR
- by gaining or losing electrons

Question 3

Are the particles in ionic bonding oppositely or similarly charged ions?

Answer 3

In ionic bonding the particles are oppositely charged ions

Question 4

Metals and nonmetals combine to form a compound with what bonding?

Answer 4

Ionic bonds

Question 5

Noble gases have the same electronic structure as the product of which bonding?

Answer 5

Ionic

Question 6

Describe in terms of electrons how magnesium atoms and chlorine atoms change into ions to produce magnesium chloride (MgCl2)

Answer 6

Magnesium loses two electrons and two chlorines each gain one electron

Question 7

Describe the structure and bonding in diamond

Answer 7

’ Grant structure with strong covalent bonds. Each Carbon atom forms 4 bonds

Question 8

Describe the structure and bonding of gold

Answer 8

Gold has a giant structure arranged in a regular pattern. There is a sea of delocalised electrons. There are positive ions and delocalised electrons which attract each other

Question 9

Why is gold a good conductor of electricity.

Answer 9

Delocalised electrons can move through the structure

Question 10

Why is nitrogen a gas at room temperature. Answer in terms of nitrogen’s structure

Answer 10

Weak intermolecular forces which need little energy to overcome

Question 11

Graphite and fullerenes are forms of carbon, graphite is soft and a good conductor of electrify, explain why graphite has these properties. Answer in terms of structure and bonding.

Answer 11

Each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds, forming layers of hexagonal rings. It’s soft because the layers can slide over each other.It conducts electricity because of the delocalised electrons

Question 12

A lubricant is a substance that allows materials to move over each other easily; suggest why Buckminsterfullerene is a good lubricant.

Answer 12

The molecule is spherical so it will roll.

Question 13

Silver nano particles are sometimes used in socks to prevent foot odour. Suggest why it’s cheaper to use nano particles of silver rather than coarse particles of silver?

Answer 13

Nanoparticles have a larger surface area to volume ratio, so less can be used for the same effect.