C3 Flashcards
what is used to extract metals
carbon
if the element is more reactive then carbon what do use
electrolysis
if the element is less reactive then carbon what is used
it is extracted by reduction using carbon
what is electrolysis
the electric current is passed through and the metal is discharged at the cathode or anode
what biological methods can be used to extract metals from ores
phytoextraction, bioleaching and living organisms
what is oxidation
the reaction with or addition of oxygen
what is reduction
the removal of oxygen
what are half equations
they show how electrons are transferred during reactions
what does electrolysis mean
splitting up with electricity
what is formed in the electrolysis of molten ionic solids
it forms elements
what are formed when non-metals are bonded together
covalent bonds
do atoms only share electrons in their outer shells
yes
different ways to draw covalent bonds
dots and crosses
what propitious are covalent substances
simple molecular structures
do properties change as the carbon chain gets longer
yes
do alkanes have single of double bonds
single
first four alkanes
methane, ethane, propane and butane
what is the formula for alkanes
Cn H2n+2
what is the formula for alkenes
Cn H2n
what is fractional distillation
when you heat up the crude oil to different temperatures and this separates the different oils
uses of crude oil
fuels, roads, lubricants and polymers
is crude oil renewable or will it run out
renewable
what is cracking
cracking is splitting up long-chains of hydrocarbons
why is cracking used
it is used to take highly supplied oils and crack them to create less supplied oils
do alkenes have double or single bonds
they have one double bond
what is the formula of alcohols
Cn H2n+1 OH
carboxylic acids
they have a COOH on the end
what ending do alcohols have on a formula
they have OH on the end
