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chemistry > C3 > Flashcards

C3 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is used to extract metals

A

carbon

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2
Q

if the element is more reactive then carbon what do use

A

electrolysis

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3
Q

if the element is less reactive then carbon what is used

A

it is extracted by reduction using carbon

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4
Q

what is electrolysis

A

the electric current is passed through and the metal is discharged at the cathode or anode

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5
Q

what biological methods can be used to extract metals from ores

A

phytoextraction, bioleaching and living organisms

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6
Q

what is oxidation

A

the reaction with or addition of oxygen

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7
Q

what is reduction

A

the removal of oxygen

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8
Q

what are half equations

A

they show how electrons are transferred during reactions

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9
Q

what does electrolysis mean

A

splitting up with electricity

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10
Q

what is formed in the electrolysis of molten ionic solids

A

it forms elements

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11
Q

what are formed when non-metals are bonded together

A

covalent bonds

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12
Q

do atoms only share electrons in their outer shells

A

yes

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13
Q

different ways to draw covalent bonds

A

dots and crosses

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14
Q

what propitious are covalent substances

A

simple molecular structures

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15
Q

do properties change as the carbon chain gets longer

A

yes

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16
Q

do alkanes have single of double bonds

A

single

17
Q

first four alkanes

A

methane, ethane, propane and butane

18
Q

what is the formula for alkanes

A

Cn H2n+2

19
Q

what is the formula for alkenes

A

Cn H2n

20
Q

what is fractional distillation

A

when you heat up the crude oil to different temperatures and this separates the different oils

21
Q

uses of crude oil

A

fuels, roads, lubricants and polymers

22
Q

is crude oil renewable or will it run out

A

renewable

23
Q

what is cracking

A

cracking is splitting up long-chains of hydrocarbons

24
Q

why is cracking used

A

it is used to take highly supplied oils and crack them to create less supplied oils

25
Q

do alkenes have double or single bonds

A

they have one double bond

26
Q

what is the formula of alcohols

A

Cn H2n+1 OH

27
Q

carboxylic acids

A

they have a COOH on the end

28
Q

what ending do alcohols have on a formula

A

they have OH on the end

chemistry (5 decks)

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