C2.6 Acids, bases and salts

Question 1

What three things can you react acids with to make a soluble salts?

Answer 1

• Metals
• Insoluble bases
• Alkalis

Question 2

How do insoluble bases and alkalis make soluble salts?

Answer 2

• The base is added to the acid until no more will react; the excess is filtered off
• An indicator shows when the acid and alkali have completely reacted to form a salt solution

Question 3

What is the difficulty/problem with using metals to create soluble salts?

Answer 3

Not all metals are suitable, some= too reactive, others= not reactive enough

Question 4

How can you produce a solid salt from a salt solution

Answer 4

Salt solutions can be crystallised

Question 5

How can insoluble salts be made?

Answer 5

By mixing appropriate solutions of ions so that a precipitate is formed
OR two soluble salts

Question 6

What can precipitation be used for?

Answer 6

Removing unwanted ions from solutions (e.g. water treatment)

Question 7

Give two examples of bases

Answer 7

Metal oxides

Hydroxides

Question 8

What are alkalis?

Answer 8

Soluble hydroxides

Question 9

What does the salt produced in a reaction between and acid and a base or alkali depends on:

Answer 9

• Acid used (e.g. HCl makes chlorides, H2SO4, sulfuric acid, makes sulfates)
• The metal in the base/alkali

Question 10

Ammonia dissolves in water to produce…

Answer 10

…an alkaline solution

Question 11

acid+base–>

Answer 11

salt+water

Question 12

How is an ammonium salt made and what are the salts used for?

Answer 12

Made by the reaction of an acid with ammonia solution

-Important fertiliser

Question 13

What is the pH scale?

Answer 13

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Question 14

In a neutralisation reaction, a ___ ion reacts with a ___ to produce water. What is the ionic equation?

Answer 14

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) –> H20 (l)