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C2 > C2.3 > Flashcards

C2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What can relative masses of atoms be used to calculate

A

How much can produce and how much can react

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2
Q

Why can u wok out how much produces and how much react

A

Because no atoms are gained or lost in chemical reactions

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3
Q

What is the atomic number

A

Proton number

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4
Q

What is mass number

A

Bigger number or neutrons and protons

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5
Q

Mass of proton

A

1

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6
Q

Mass of neutron

A

1

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7
Q

Mass of electron

A

Very small

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8
Q

What is an isotope

A

Same elements with different neutrons

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9
Q

What does the relative atomic mass compare with the mass of an atom

A

Carbon 12

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10
Q

What is carbon 12

A

An average value for the isotopes of elements

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11
Q

What is relative formula mass

A

Sum of relative atomic masses of the atoms

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12
Q

What is a mole

A

Relative formula mass of a substance

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13
Q

How big is a mole

A

6x10^-23

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14
Q

How are elements and compounds identified

A

Using instrumental methods

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15
Q

Why are instrumental methods better than other methods

A

Accurate
Sensitive
Rapid
Detect small substance

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16
Q

How are additives in foods identified

A

By chemical analysis

17
Q

What can be detected by paper chromatography

A

Artificial colours

18
Q

An example of an instrumental method

A

Gas chromatography linked to mass spectroscopy

19
Q

What can be used to help identify a substance

A

The time taken for the substance to travel through column

20
Q

What can gas Chromatography be used for

A

To separate a mixture from compounds

21
Q

What does a mass spectrometer do

A

Give relative molecular masses

22
Q

What is the process of gas chromatography

A

Different substances carried by gas, travel through a solid packed with a solid material at different speeds so can be separated

23
Q

How can u tell the number of compounds present

A

Number of peaks on the output of a gas chromatography

24
Q

What is retention time

A

Position of the peaks on the output

25
Q

What is the benefit of a mass spectrometer

A

Identify substances quickly and can detect small substances

26
Q

What is the molecular mass given by

A

The molecular ion peak

27
Q

What can an empirical formula be calculated from

A

The masses or the percentage of the element in a compound

28
Q

How can the masses of the reactants and products be calculated from

A

Balanced symbol equation

29
Q

Why is it not always possible to obtain a calculated amount if a product

A

May be reversible so no completion
Some product lost
Reactants may react different than expected

30
Q

What is the yield

A

Amount of product obtained

31
Q

What is percentage yield

A

Actual yield/ theoretical yield

32
Q

What is a reversible reaction

A

Products of reaction can react to produce original reactants

33
Q

Example of reversible reaction

A

Ammonium chloride🤝ammonia+ hydrogen chloride

34
Q

How to work out empirical formulae

A

Experimental masses/ reactive masses

Get integer

Simplify

C2 (7 decks)

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