C2.2 Ionic Compounds And Analysis Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is when elements lose or gain electrons to become ions (positive or negative).
What type of elements bond in ionic bonding?
Atoms that want to get rid of or gain electrons.
Which groups are most likely to form ions?
Groups 1,2,6,7
What structure do ionic compounds have?
A regular lattice structure.
When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When in aqueous solution (dissolved) or molten.
What is in a compound name ‘-ide’?
Two different elements eg. Sodium Chloride
What is in a compound named ‘-ate’?
Three different elements, and one of them must be oxygen.
What charged ions will ionically bond with what charged ion?
-1 with +1
-2 with + 2
-2 with 2 +1
2 -1 with +2
Which salts are soluble?
All Sodium
Potassium
Ammonium
Nitrates
Chlorides except silver and lead
Sulfates except for lead, barium and calcium.
Sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonate and hydroxide
How do you carry out a precipitation reaction to make and insoluble salt? (Eg Lead Chloride)
- Add a spatula of lead nitrate to distilled water and dissolve. Repeat for Sodium Chloride
- Mix the solutions. The lead chloride should precipitate out.
- Filter the solution
- The lead chloride should be left on the filter paper
What is a Barium meal?
Barium sulphate, which is drunk. It shows up on x-rays so you can see any problems with the intestines.
Why is a barium meal safe?
It is insoluble, so you cannot digest it.
What are the flame test colours for: Sodium Potassium Calcium Copper
Yellow / Orange
Lilac
Brick-red
Blue- green
How do you test for carbonates?
Bubble the gas through limewater. If it was a carbonate, there will be carbon dioxide present, which will cause the limewater to go cloudy.
How do you test for sulphates?
Add dilute HCl and then barium chloride solution. A white precipitate, barium sulphate, will form if the original compound was a sulphate.
