C2.1 Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are the charges on:
A proton
A neutron
An electron?

Answer 1

Positive
Neutral
Negative

Question 2

What are the relative masses of:
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Answer 2

1
1
1/2000

Question 3

How large is an atom?

Answer 3

0.000,000,000,1 metres

Question 4

What is an electron shell?

Answer 4

A ‘ring’ of electrons around a nucleus

Question 5

What is electronic configuration?

Answer 5

The number of electrons in an atom and how they are arranged.

Question 6

What is the electronic configuration for:
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Chlorine
Potassium?

Answer 6

2. 5
3. 6
4. 8.7
5. 8.8.1

Question 7

What, in terms of atomic structure, defines what element an atom is?

Answer 7

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 8

What does the atomic number tell us?

Answer 8

The number of protons / electrons in an element.

Question 9

What does the mass number tell us?

Answer 9

The number of protons and neutrons combined.

Question 10

What is an isotope?

Answer 10

Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 11

Name two elements and their different common isotopes

Answer 11

Carbon-12 and Carbon-14

Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37

Question 12

Why is chlorine’s RAM on the periodic table 35.5?

Answer 12

It has two isotopes. For every Chlorine-37 atom there is , there are 3 Chlorine-35 atoms, so this works out at an average of 35.5

Question 13

What do elements in each period have in common?

Answer 13

They have the same number of electron shells.

Question 14

What do elements in each group have in common?

Answer 14

The same number of electrons in their outer shell.