C2.1.4 - Filtration And Crystallisation

Question 1

What forms when a substance dissolves in another substance?

Answer 1

A solution

Question 2

What is the substance that dissolves?

Answer 2

Solute

Question 3

What is the substance that the other substance dissolves in?

Answer 3

Solvent

Question 4

What happens to a substance’s particles when it dissolves?

Answer 4

Its particles separate and mix with particles of the solvent

Question 5

Define ‘soluble’ and ‘insoluble’

Answer 5

Soluble - A substance that can be dissolved

Insoluble - A substance that can’t be dissolved

Question 6

What does filtration do?

Answer 6

Filtration separates an insoluble substance in the solid state from a liquid state

Question 7

How does filtration work?

Answer 7

Since filter paper has very small microscopic holes, the water molecules are small enough to pass through while the solid particles aren’t.

Question 8

Can you filter a solute and a liquid?

Answer 8

No, because the solute’s particles will be small enough to go through the filter paper

Question 9

What is the residue?

Answer 9

The left over solid particles that couldn’t get through the filter paper

Question 10

What is the filtrate?

Answer 10

The filtrate is the left over liquid particles that went through the filter paper

Question 11

Name all the key terms during a filtration experiment

Answer 11

Conical flask
Funnel
Residue
Filter paper
Filtrate

Question 12

What happens if you heat a solution?

Answer 12

The solution evaporates while the solute stays behind

Question 13

What happens if you heat solutions strongly?

Answer 13

Powder

Question 14

What happens if you heat a solution slowly?

Answer 14

Crystals begin to form

Question 15

When do you stop beating the solution during crystallisation?

Answer 15

When it becomes a saturated solution

Question 16

When does a solution become saturated?

Answer 16

When no more solute can be dissolved at that temperature

Question 17

When will crystals start forming?

Answer 17

When the solution is saturated

Question 18

What happens when the solution cools?

Answer 18

The solubility of the solute decreases so more crystals form

Question 19

How do you separate the crystals from the solution?

Answer 19

Filtration and dry them in a warm oven or by patting them with a paper towel