C2.1.4 - Filtration And Crystallisation Flashcards

1
Q

What forms when a substance dissolves in another substance?

A

A solution

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2
Q

What is the substance that dissolves?

A

Solute

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3
Q

What is the substance that the other substance dissolves in?

A

Solvent

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4
Q

What happens to a substance’s particles when it dissolves?

A

Its particles separate and mix with particles of the solvent

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5
Q

Define ‘soluble’ and ‘insoluble’

A

Soluble - A substance that can be dissolved

Insoluble - A substance that can’t be dissolved

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6
Q

What does filtration do?

A

Filtration separates an insoluble substance in the solid state from a liquid state

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7
Q

How does filtration work?

A

Since filter paper has very small microscopic holes, the water molecules are small enough to pass through while the solid particles aren’t.

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8
Q

Can you filter a solute and a liquid?

A

No, because the solute’s particles will be small enough to go through the filter paper

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9
Q

What is the residue?

A

The left over solid particles that couldn’t get through the filter paper

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10
Q

What is the filtrate?

A

The filtrate is the left over liquid particles that went through the filter paper

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11
Q

Name all the key terms during a filtration experiment

A
Conical flask
Funnel
Residue
Filter paper
Filtrate
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12
Q

What happens if you heat a solution?

A

The solution evaporates while the solute stays behind

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13
Q

What happens if you heat solutions strongly?

A

Powder

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14
Q

What happens if you heat a solution slowly?

A

Crystals begin to form

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15
Q

When do you stop beating the solution during crystallisation?

A

When it becomes a saturated solution

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16
Q

When does a solution become saturated?

A

When no more solute can be dissolved at that temperature

17
Q

When will crystals start forming?

A

When the solution is saturated

18
Q

What happens when the solution cools?

A

The solubility of the solute decreases so more crystals form

19
Q

How do you separate the crystals from the solution?

A

Filtration and dry them in a warm oven or by patting them with a paper towel