C2 Year11 Revision

Question 1

John Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Answer 1

believed that atoms could not be divided, but were rearranged in chemical reactions

Question 2

John Newland’s periodic table

Answer 2

noticed a repeating pattern every 8 elements and suggested elements were found in ‘octaves’

Question 3

Disadvantages of Newland’s ideas

Answer 3

The octaves only work for the first 20 elements.

Question 4

Order of elements on historic periodic table

Answer 4

Elements were ordered by atomic weight

Question 5

Order of elements on modern periodic table

Answer 5

Elements are ordered by atomic number

Question 6

Dmitri Mendeleev’s ideas

Answer 6

Ordered elements by atomic weight BUT changed the order/left gaps to keep elements with similar properties in the same column

Question 7

Advantages of Mendeleev’s ideas

Answer 7

He was able to predict the properties of elements in the gaps.

Question 8

Group

Answer 8

A vertical column of elements with the same number of outer shell electrons

Question 9

Period

Answer 9

A horizontal row of elements with the same number of electron shells

Question 10

Name for Group 1 elements

Answer 10

alkali metals

Question 11

Pattern in reactivity down group 1

Answer 11

reactivity increases

Question 12

Appearance of group 1 elements

Answer 12

shiny when cut, but tarnish as they react with oxygen

Question 13

Metal + water –>

Answer 13

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 14

Observations: Sodium + Water

Answer 14

Floats on surface, melts into a bowl, fizzes, moves on the surface of the water

Question 15

Observations: Lithium + water

Answer 15

Floats on the surface of the water, moves around and fizzes

Question 16

Observations: Potassium + water

Answer 16

Floats on the surface of the water, moves around, fizzes, melts into a ball, burns with a lilac flame.

Question 17

When group 1 elements react

Answer 17

they lose their outer electron

Question 18

Potassium is more reactive than sodium because

Answer 18

atomic radius increases, shielding increases, nuclear attraction decreases, easier to lose an electron

Question 19

Name of Group 7 elements

Answer 19

The halogens

Question 20

Group 7 elements have similar chemical properties

Answer 20

because they all have 7 outer shell electrons

Question 21

Pattern in melting points and boiling points down group 7

Answer 21

melting and boiling points decrease

Question 22

Pattern of reactivity down the halogens

Answer 22

they get less reactive

Question 23

Reason for patterns in reactivity

Answer 23

larger atomic radius, more shielding, less nuclear attraction, harder to gain a reaction

Question 24

Group 7 elements react by

Answer 24

gaining 1 electron

Question 25

Displacement reaction

Answer 25

A reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a similar element in a compound

Question 26

Potassium bromide + Chlorine –>

Answer 26

Potassium chloride + Bromine

Question 27

Sodium chloride + Bromine –>

Answer 27

No reaction