C1 Year 11 Revision Flashcards
What is a compound?
Two or more elements which are chemically bonded
What is an element?
A substance made up of only one type of atom
Why is every atom neutral?
The number of positive protons equals the number of negative electrons. (neutrons are neutral)
What is ionic bonding?
Where non-metals and metals gain or lose electrons forming negative or positive ions which are oppositely charged, holding the ions in strong bonds
What is covalent bonding?
The sharing of electrons between non-metals to form molecules. This can be between the same element of different elements.
Why must all chemical reactions be balanced?
No matter can be created or destroyed so the number of atoms on each side of the equation must be equal
Chemical symbol
A one or two letter representation of an element
Relative mass of a proton
1
Relative charge of a proton
+1
Relative charge of a neutron
0
Relative charge of an electron
-1
Atomic (proton) number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Subatomic particles in the nucleus
protons and neutrons
Energy Levels/Electron Shells
The region surrounding the nucleus where electrons orbit the nucleus.
mass number (atomic mass)
number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element
Number of protons in an atom
atomic number
Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
