C2 - The Periodic Table

Question 1

How is the periodic table arranged?

Answer 1

In an order where similar elements are grouped together.

Question 2

What did Mendeleev’s periodic table leave space for?

Answer 2

I discovered elements

Question 3

What determines an elements place of the periodic table?

Answer 3

It’s atomic (proton) number.

Question 4

What determines an elements chemical properties?

Answer 4

The number of electrons in the outer shell.

Question 5

Metals tend to….. where as non metals tend to….

Answer 5

Loose electrons, gain electrons

Question 6

Why are the noble gases so unreactive?

Answer 6

Because of their stable electronic arrangement. (8 electrons in outer shell/full outer shell)

Question 7

What are the group 1 elements called?

Answer 7

Alkali metals

Question 8

What happens to the melting/boiling points of alkali metals as you go down the group?

Answer 8

Decrease.

Question 9

What is formed when any alkali metal reacts with water?

Answer 9

Hydrogen and an alkaline solution containing the metal oxide.

Question 10

What ions do alkali metals form?

Answer 10

1+

Question 11

As you go down the group of A. Metals….

Answer 11

The reactivity increases.

Question 12

Group 7?

Answer 12

Halogens

Question 13

What ions do halogens form?

Answer 13

-1

Question 14

A more reactive halogen can….

Answer 14

Replace a less reactive halogen from a solution of one of its salts.

Question 15

As you go down the halogen group, the reactivity….

Answer 15

Decreases.

Question 16

Electrostatic attraction Between electrons and nucleus depends on… (3)

Answer 16

• The distance between outer electron and nucleus.
• Number of shells occupied
• Number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 17

Compared with the alkali metals, transition metals have….

They are…

Answer 17

Much higher melting and boiling points and densities.

Stronger, harder and less reactive.

Question 18

What do transition metals not react vigorously with?

Answer 18

Water and oxygen.

Question 19

What often are transition metal compounds?

Answer 19

Coloured.

Question 20

What can tradition metal compounds be used for?

Answer 20

Industrial catalysts.

Question 21

Copper reacts (mainly) with…

Answer 21

Oxygen

Question 22

Why does the reactivity of Group 1 (alkali metals) elements increase as you go down the group? (6)

Answer 22

• Because they form +1 ions as they generally loose an electron
• As you go down the group, the number of protons increases, so the mass of the atom also increases
• So the nuclear charge of the atom is greater
• As there is more shells, the electrostatic force between the nucleus and the electron is weaker
• And there is more shielding
• So the electron is lost more easily

Question 23

Structure for a describing trends in reactivity? (6)

Answer 23

• Ions formed
• Trend
• Increase in size of atom and nuclear charge
• Distance
• Force
• Shielding