C2- Periodic Table

Question 1

Periodic Table: MENDELEEV (2)

Answer 1

• Ordered it in increasing mass

- Left gaps for undiscovered elements by predicting their properties

Question 2

Periodic Table: DALTON

Answer 2

• Ordered it in increasing mass

Question 3

Periodic Table: NEWLANDS

Answer 3

• Law of Octaves: order of increasing mass repeating every 8 elements
• not all elements discovered but he left no gaps

Question 4

Formation of Periodic Table: NON- METALS (1)

Answer 4

• top right hand corner

Question 5

Formation of Periodic Table: METALS (2)

Answer 5

• left (reactive metals)

- middle (transition metals)

Question 6

Formation of Periodic Table: NOBLE GASES (2)

Answer 6

• Group 0

- 8 electrons in outer shell

Question 7

Formation of Periodic Table: REACTIVITY (groups 1-7)

Answer 7

Group 1- loses 1 electron
Group 2- loses 2 electrons
Group 3- loses 3 electrons
Group 4- can go either way
Group 5- gains 1 electron
Group 6- gains 2 electrons
Group 7- gains 3 electrons

Question 8

Group 1: Alkali Metals: PROPERTIES

Answer 8

• very reactive,
• low density,
• soft
• melt & boil at low temps
• down list, more reactive

Question 9

Group 1: Alkali Metals: REACTION WITH WATER

Answer 9

Lithium, sodium: metal floats moving & fizzing
Potassium: same as above + hydrogen produced ignites
Solution is colourless, Universal indicator- purple

Question 10

Group 1: Alkali Metals: OTHER REACTIONS

Answer 10

With non-metals: produce metal chlorides which dissolve in water

Question 11

Group 7: Halogens: PROPERTIES

Answer 11

• melt and boil at low temps
• poor conductors of heat & electricity
• paired by covenant bonds (diatomic)
• less reactive down column

Question 12

Group 7: Halogens: REACTIONS

Answer 12

Metals: gain 1 electron to form ions
Hydrogen: gain 1 electron by sharing a pair of electrons with another atom

Question 13

Group 7: Halogens: DISPLACEMENT

Answer 13

• more reactive displaces less reactive

Question 14

Explaining trends: ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION

Answer 14

Determines how easy to lose/ gain electrons
Depends on:
- distance between outermost electron and nucleus
- number of occupied inner shells of electrons
- size of positive charge on nucleus

Question 15

Transition Metals: PROPERTIES

Answer 15

• good conductors of heat and electricity
• hard and strong
• high densities
• high melting points
• less reactive than group 1

Question 16

Transition Metals: COMPOUNDS

Answer 16

Copper sulphate- blue
Nickel carbonate- pale green
Chromium oxide- dark green
Manganese chloride- pale pink