C2 bs

Question 1

Organelle

Answer 1

A small structure in a cell that is surrounded by a membrane and has a specific function.

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

the positively charged central core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass

Question 3

lysosome

Answer 3

A sac-like compartment inside a cell that has enzymes that can break down cellular components that need to be destroyed. (digestion) used to defend from invading bacteria, destroy damaged cell organelles and controlled digestion of certain tissues during development.

Question 4

golgi apparatus

Answer 4

Flat disc-shaped sacs involved with secretion. Used for secretion of substances like hormones, enzymes etc. Receives from the endoplasmic reticulum, it packages things for export in vesicles so they can leave the cell LIke a packaging facility preparing to export materials

Question 5

Chloroplast

Answer 5

a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
6H2O+6CO2=C6H12O6+6O2

Question 6

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Like the subway in a cell for transport. Interconnected small tube that branch from the nuclear membrane.
Can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without
ribosomes. Rough - involved in
making proteins. Smooth- fats and oils

Question 7

active transport

Answer 7

In cellular biology, active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement

Question 8

Hypertonic

Answer 8

A hypertonic solution is any external solution that has a high solute concentration and low water concentration compared to body fluids. In a hypertonic solution, the net movement of water will be out of the body and into the solution.

Question 9

carrier proteins

Answer 9

have ability to attach to larger molecules. Carrier proteins change shape and physically move the molecules across the membrane into the cell.
(non tube one)

Question 10

carrier proteins

Answer 10

have ability to attach to larger molecules. Carrier proteins change shape and physically move the molecules across the membrane into the cell.
(non tube one)

Question 11

Channel proteins

Answer 11

Create pores or channels through which small water-soluble particles are able to move. The movement happens in response to the concentration gradient.

Question 12

exocytosis

Answer 12

When the cel wants to get rid of large waste particles, or needs to release a product molecule- A vesicle surrounds the particle, then moves to the plasma membrane and fuses with it. The vesicle then ruptures, releasing its contents into the surroundings.

Question 13

ENDOCYTOSIS

Answer 13

A vesicle forms around the particle and the cell membrane pinches off around it so that the vesicle is inside the cell.

Question 14

cell/plasma membrane

Answer 14

a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins which forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

Like the subway in a cell. For transport. Can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes).
Rough - involved in making proteins Smooth, involved in fat and oil. Branch off the nuclear membrane ig?

Question 16

Vacuoles

Answer 16

Generally speaking vacuoles are for storage
A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance. When fluids enter, turgor pressure increases causing the cell to become turgid. Sometimes a single vacuole can take up most of the interior space of the plant cell.

Question 17

Diffusion

Answer 17

Diffusion is the net movement of anything generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 18

passive transport

Answer 18

Passive transport is a type of cellular transport in which substances such as ions and molecules move down their respective concentration gradients. It means that the substance tends to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Energy not needed

Question 19

passive transport

Answer 19

Passive transport is a type of cellular transport in which substances such as ions and molecules move down their respective concentration gradients. It means that the substance tends to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Energy not needed

Question 20

Hypotonic

Answer 20

an area that has a lower solute concentration than another

Question 21

Channel proteins

Answer 21

Create pores or channels through which small water-soluble particles are able to move. The movement happens in response to the concentration gradient.

Question 22

endocytosis

Answer 22

A vesicle forms around the particle and the cell membrane pinches off around it so that the vesicle is inside the cell.

Question 23

Cytoplasm

Answer 23

Fluid gel-like interior of the cell. Like broth in a soup. Where the organelles are located. Allows for cytoplasmic
streaming

Question 24

ribosomes

Answer 24

Dense looking granules formed of two parts. Can be found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm. Where amino acids are assembled into proteins in the process of protein synthesis. Like the factory in a
city

Question 25

Cell wall

Answer 25

Only present in plant cells. A rigid frame around
the cell made of cellulose. Gives support to the cell.
It makes plant cells more regular in shape than animal cells. Located outside the cell membrane.

Question 26

facilitated diffusion

Answer 26

Type of passive transport. No energy. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. It is a selective process, i.e., the membrane allows only selective molecules and ions to pass through it. It, however, prevents other molecules from passing through the membrane.

Question 27

facilitated diffusion

Answer 27

Type of passive transport. No energy. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. It is a selective process, i.e., the membrane allows only selective molecules and ions to pass through it. It, however, prevents other molecules from passing through the membrane.

Question 28

Golgi body/ Golgi apparatus

Answer 28

Used for secretion of substances like hormones, enzymes etc. Receives from the endoplasmic reticulum, it packages things for export in vesicles so they can leave the cell. LIke a packaging facility preparing to export materials.

Question 29

nuclear membrane/ nuclear envelope

Answer 29

The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material.

Question 30

Vesicles

Answer 30

Transport substances throughout the cell.

Question 31

mitochondria

Answer 31

rod like structures where reactions occur to convert chemical energy in sugars into energy the cell can ue. This process i called cellular respiration. The chemical reaction for cellular respiration is C6H12O6+6O=6CO2+6H2O (opposite of photosynthesis)

Question 32

centrioles

Answer 32

only present in animal cells and are involved with cell division.

Question 32

centrioles

Answer 32

only present in animal cells and are involved with cell division.