C2 - Bonding

Question 1

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 1

1 - A bond between a metal and a non-metal
2 - The metal loses electrons and becomes a positive ion
3 – The non-metal gains electrons and becomes a negative ion
4 – The positive and negative ions attract and stick together

Question 2

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 2

1 - A bond between 2 non-metals.
2 – They share electrons to get a full outer shell

Question 3

What are the properties of ionic substances?

Answer 3

• Hard
• High melting and boiling points
• Dissolve in water
• Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved

Question 4

What are the properties of giant
covalent substances?

Answer 4

• Hard
• High melting and boiling points
• Insoluble (they don’t dissolve)
• Do NOT conduct electricity.

Question 5

What are the properties of simple molecules?

Answer 5

• Low melting and boiling points
• Soluble in water

Question 6

Why do giant molecules have very high melting and boiling points?

Answer 6

They have very strong interatomic
bonds that require a lot of force to
break.
- This means that they need a lot of
energy to separate them.

Question 7

How are metals bonded together?

Answer 7

1 - Metals share their outer shell electrons and become positive ions.
2 - The shared negative electrons act as a glue and hold the positive ions together.
3 - The glue is often called a “sea of delocalised electrons”

Question 8

Why can metals pulled in to wires?

Answer 8

Metals can be pulled into wires because they are made from layers that can slide over each other.

Question 9

Why are metals good conductors
of heat and electricity?

Answer 9

They have a sea of delocalised electrons that move around the metals. The electrons carry energy through the metal.

Question 10

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in a liquid.

Answer 10

1 – They are close together and touching
2 – They are moving in random directions
3 – They take the shape of the container they are in