C1d

Question 1

What is a hydrocarbon

Answer 1

A compound or molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen atoms ONLY

Question 2

What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated compound

Answer 2

Saturated: contains Carbon-Carbon SINGLE COVALENT BONDS ONLY
Unsaturated: contains one at least one Carbon-Carbon DOUBLE COVALENT BOND

Question 3

What are alkanes and what is their general formula

Answer 3

Saturated hydrocarbons

CnH2n+2

Question 4

What are alkenes and what is their general formula

Answer 4

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

CnH2n

Question 5

What are the first 5 alkanes in order, with the number of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms they contain

Answer 5

Methane         CH4
Ethane            C2H6
Propane          C3H8
Butane            C4H10
Pentane          C5H12

Question 6

How can we tell if a hydrocarbon is saturated or unsaturated

Answer 6

1. add to bromine water which is orange
2. if the liquid stays orange it was saturated (alkane)
3. if the liquid is decolourised (goes colourless) it was unsaturated (alkene)
4. dibromo compound formed if unsaturated
5. this is called an addition reaction

Question 7

Open paint or another drawing application and draw the repeating unit of polychloroethene, if the monomer is

H    H
 I      I
C = C
 I      I
H    Cl

Answer 7

http://tinyurl.com/gul5m8y (type the address in mate it isnt that long)

Question 8

Explain addition polymerisation and what are the conditions needed for it to take place

Answer 8

Many monomers (unsaturated molecules) react together to create a polymer. requires a high pressure and a catalyst

Question 9

Name a polymer and its use

Answer 9

Polyethene = plastic bags and bottles
Polypropene = crates and ropes
Polychloroethene (PVC) = gutter/water pipes, window frames, insulation on electrical cables