C.18 Terms

Question 1

Anatolian Turks

Answer 1

nomadic tribes in Turkey,
ghazis,
conquered Byzantium

Question 2

ghazis

Answer 2

warriors for Islam;

formed military societies

Question 3

Ottoman Empire

Answer 3

.

Question 4

sultan

Answer 4

leader/king/overlord;

Orkhan I first called himself this

Question 5

Constantinople

Answer 5

conquered by Mehmed II and changed to Istanbul;

wanted it because it controlled passage to Bosporus Strait, which controlled trade

Question 6

devshirme

Answer 6

army drafted boys from conquered Christian areas;

educated, converted, and militarily trained them

Question 7

janissaries

Answer 7

soldiers trained to be loyal to the sultan only

Question 8

millets

Answer 8

Christian/Jewish communities within the Ottoman Empire;

followed own rules, but reported to sultan

Question 9

cultural blending

Answer 9

an interaction among diverse groups of people which makes a new type of culture

Question 10

Safavid Empire

Answer 10

.

Question 11

shah

Answer 11

king of Safavid Empire

Question 12

tolerance

Answer 12

encourages people of different faiths to interact

Question 13

Esfahan

Answer 13

most beautiful city in the world;

showplace for artisans all around the world

Question 14

Mughal Empire

Answer 14

.

Question 15

Delhi Sultanate

Answer 15

loose empire of warlords in N. India;

destroyed by Timur the Lame

Question 16

rajputs

Answer 16

Hindu warrior;

Akbar gave them positions in the army when they were conquered

Question 17

bureaucracy

Answer 17

decisions are made by state officials, not elected representatives

Question 18

Urdu

Answer 18

blend of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi

Question 19

Sikhs

Answer 19

nonviolent religious group (combo of Buddhism, Hinduism, Sufism);
later become brotherhood of warriors;
sheltered Nur Jahan’s son->hated b/c of this

Question 20

Taj Mahal

Answer 20

Shah Jahan built this as a memorial for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal;
the construction of this drained the empire of its resources

Question 21

port of Bombay

Answer 21

Aurangzeb gave European traders access to this port, setting up an opportunity to be conquered

Question 22

emir

Answer 22

leader of ghazi military societies