C.17 Questions

Question 1

What were Luther’s teachings?

Answer 1

salvation by faith alone;
all rules come from bible
people of faith are equal

Question 2

Why did Renaissance begin in Italy?

Answer 2

city-states;
wealthy merchants;
influence from Greece and Rome

Question 3

How was the N. Ren. different from the Italian?

Answer 3

religion;
esp. interested in realism;
the Italian ideas mingled w/ Northern tradition

Question 4

Why did the Ren. spread to the north?

Answer 4

Italian civil war;

wealth increases, patronage increases

Question 5

What were the causes of the Reformation?

Answer 5

Catholic church became corrupt;
selling indulgences;
breaking priestly vows;
denied pope had right to worldly power

Question 6

Who were the Huguenots?

Answer 6

Calvin’s French followers;

Catholic mobs murdered Protestants in Paris

Question 7

What were the responses to Luther?

Answer 7

excommunicated;
tried and labeled heretic;
peasant’s revolt;
N. German princes vs. Charles V

Question 8

What’s the legacy of the Reformation?

Answer 8

political- tension between monarchs decentralize church’s power;
social- conversion, education, taking away women’s power

Question 9

what were the innovations of the Renaissance?

Answer 9

art-
realism, perspective, vanishing point;
writing-
vernacular, printing press;
values-
humanism, secularism, realism

Question 10

how did the Renaissance spread to 
Germany?
Flanders?
Holland?
England?

Answer 10

Germany-
Dürer, Holbein the Younger, printing press, Reformation;
Flanders-
Jan van Eyck, artistic center of N. Europe (urban merchants became wealthy-patrons);
Holland-
Erasmus

Question 11

What were the effects of the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 11

Catholic Reformation;
Peace of Augsburg;
Council of Trent;
rejection of pope’s authority->church’s power is decentralized