C15- Using Our Resources Flashcards
Corrosion
When a metal is destroyed by chemical reactions with other substances in the environment.
Alloy
A mixture of two or more metal elements - usually harder or stronger than the elements on their own
Composite
Consists of two or more materials with different properties. They are combined to produce a material with improved properties.
Ceramic
Made from wet clay which is shaped and then heated in a furnace
Polymer
Made from many monomers joined together to form a long chain
Thermosoftening
Polymer that melts when heated
Thermosetting
Polymer that does not melt when heated. These will char or burn instead due to the strong crosslinks
Haber Process
Process used for the manufacture of ammonia
Ammonia
Compound formed from nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3
Electroplating
Using electrolysis to coat a very thin layer of metal over another less expensive metal
Sacrificial protection
Process where a more reactive metal is used to protect another metal. The more reactive metal will be used up
Galvanising
Coating a metal with zinc in order to protect it.
3 physical barriers to stop corrosion
Paint
Coat with plastic
Oil or grease
Soda-lime glass
Soda-lime glass is made by melting a mixture of sand (silicon dioxide), limestone and sodium carbonate
Uses of Soda-lime glass
Window panes, glass jars and bottles
Borosilicate glass
Contains boron trioxide. It has a higher melting point than soda-lime glass
What do properties of polymers depend on?
The monomer they are made from
The conditions when they are made
Properties of Thermosoftening polymers
Tangled polymer chains
No cross-links between chains
Weak forces of attraction between chains
Softens when heated
Properties of thermosetting polymers
Polymer chains held together by strong covalent cross-link that does not break on heating.
Remains hard when heated
Components of composites
Reinforcement (fibres or particles)
Matrix
Bronze alloy component metals
Copper and tin
Bronze alloy uses
Bells
Coins
Statues
Brass component metals
Copper and Zinc
Brass alloy uses
Locks
Taps
Instruments
Door hinges
Door knobs
Gold alloy component metals
Alloyed with other metals such as silver, zinc and copper.
Gold alloy uses
Jewellery
High carbon steel component metals
Iron and a high amount of carbon
Uses of high carbon steel alloy
Construction industry (hard and brittle)
Low carbon steel component metals
Iron and a small amount of carbon
Uses of Low carbon steel alloy
Car body panels (soft and easily shaped)
Stainless steel component metals
Iron, chromium and nickel
Stainless steel alloy uses
Cutlery (hard and does not corrode)
