C1.1 Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is an atom

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 2

What is an element

Answer 2

An element is made up of many of the same atoms, and can’t be broken down further

Question 3

What is a compound

Answer 3

A compounds contains 2 or more different elements which are chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 4

How is a compound displayed

Answer 4

They are represented by a combination of numbers and chemical symbols e.g H2O

Question 5

What is a chemical formula

Answer 5

A chemical formula shown the different elements in a compound

Question 6

What atoms does H2O contain

Answer 6

Two hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Question 7

How are compounds separated

Answer 7

A compounds can be split into its individual elements through chemical reactions and electrolysis

Question 8

What is an atom made up of

Answer 8

Electrons, protons and neutrons

Question 9

What charges and masses do subatomic particles have

Answer 9

An electron has a charges of -1 and a mass of 0
A proton has a positive charge and mass of 1
A neutron has a charge of 0 and a mass of 1

Question 10

What is a mixture

Answer 10

A mixture contains 2 or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined

Question 11

How can elements or compounds be separated out of a mixture

Answer 11

Through physical processes like simple distillation, filtration, Crystallisation and chromatography

Question 12

What is filtration and what is it used for

Answer 12

Filtration is used to separate soluble solids from insoluble solids like salt which is soluble and sand which is insoluble, they can be separated by dissolving the salt in water and filtering the remaining solution

Question 13

What is chromatography and what is it used for

Answer 13

Chromatography is used to separate different soluble solids in a mixture for example a mixture of inks, a drop of ink is placed a chromatography paper and then put in water, over time the most soluble components of the ink travel further up the chromatogram

Question 14

What is crystallisation and what is it used for

Answer 14

Used to get soluble solids from a solution for example getting salt crystals from salty water, this is done through gently heating the mixture in a basin with a Bunsen burner, the water evaporates leaving behind crystals salts

Question 15

What is simple distillation and what is it used for

Answer 15

It used to get a solvent from a solution for example inky water, this is done through heating the mixture allowing it to evaporate, the evaporated solution passes through a condenser filled with cold water, it then drips down into a beaker.

Question 16

Who created the solid sphere atomic model

Answer 16

John dalton

Question 17

What was the solid sphere model

Answer 17

John dalton discovered that atoms were invisible to the human eye, and that atoms in one element are identical and that compounds are different combinations or different types of atoms not chemically bonded

Question 18

Who discovered the plum pudding model

Answer 18

J.J Thompson

Question 19

What is the plum pudding model

Answer 19

Thompson discovered the negatively charged electron, which was positioned within the atom, he showed it through displaying it like a plum pudding and that the electron were the negatively charged berries within a positively charged dough.

Question 20

Who discovered the nuclear model

Answer 20

Ernest rutherford

Question 21

What was the nuclear model

Answer 21

Rutherford discovered that the atoms was mostly empty space with a positively charged nucleus in the middle and with negatively charged electrons orbiting the nucleus.

Question 22

Who discovered the planetary model

Answer 22

Neils bohr

Question 23

What was the planetary model

Answer 23

Bohr stated that electrons moved around the nucleus in fixed orbits of fixed sizes and energy.

Question 24

Who discerned the quantum atom model

Answer 24

Erwin Shrodinger

Question 25

What was the quantum model

Answer 25

Erwin stated that electron didn’t move is set orbits but in the waves, and that it it impossible to identify the exact location of an electron, but instead their are clouds of productivity where there are most likely to be electrons