C10 using resources Flashcards

1
Q

what four things do humans use the earth’s resources for

A

shelter, food, warmth, transport

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2
Q

what four things do natural resources provide

A

food, timber, clothing, fuels

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3
Q

what two things does chemistry play an important role in

A

improving agricultural and industrial processes

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4
Q

what is peat

A

partly decomposed plant matter found in bogs

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5
Q

give three examples of finite resources

A

fossil fuels, peat, uranium

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6
Q

define sustainable development

A

“devlopment that meets the needs of the current generation without comprimising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs”

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7
Q

what can finite resources be suplemented by

A

synthetic or agricultural products

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8
Q

give an example of how the finite resource of fossil fuels can be replaced sustainably

A

using biofuels made from organic matter

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9
Q

what does potable water mean

A

water that is safe to drink

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10
Q

what should drinking water have low levels of for humans

A

salts and microbes

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11
Q

what is the difference between potable and pure water

A

potable water contains disolved substances where pure water is just h20

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12
Q

how do we mainly collect our water in the UK

A

through rain water that collects in lakes and river

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13
Q

what does sterilisation do

A

kill bacteria

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14
Q

what is a filter bed

A

a tank or a pond containing a layer of sand or gravel for filtering

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15
Q

describe the process of producing potable water

A

gather water from fresh source, pass it though a filter bed and then sterilise it

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16
Q

give the three sterilising agents used for making potable water

A

chlorine, ozone, ultraviolet light

17
Q

what two things means water requires treatment before entering the surroundings

A

urban lifestyles and industrial processes

18
Q

what two things need to be removed from agricultural waste

A

organic matter and harmful microbes

19
Q

what are three methods of water treatment

A

screening, sedimentation and bacterial digestion

20
Q

what is screening

A

grit removal

21
Q

what is sedimentation

A

the production of sludge

22
Q

what is used to extract metals from low grade areas

A

copper ores

23
Q

describe the process of phytomining

A

planting plants which are then harvested and burned to produce ash containing metal

24
Q

what is leechate

A

a liquid with suspended solids in it

25
Q

what is the process of bioleeching

A

using bacteria to feed on nutrients in the minerals

26
Q

what are the 3 alternative metal extraction methods

A

copper ores. phytomining and bioleeching

27
Q

why is the life cycle assesment carried out

A

to assess the environmental impact of products

28
Q

what five stages does the LCA look at

A

extraction, packaging, useage, disposability, transportability

29
Q

what three things can be done to reduce our use of limited resources

A

reduce, reuse, recycle

30
Q

what two elements are needed for an object to rust

A

oxygen and water

31
Q

what is a ceramic and what is it used for

A

non metal solids with high melting points. insulaters and used for glass and bricks

32
Q

what is a composite and what is it used for

A

“one material embedded in another with different properties. used to get benefits
of two materials”

33
Q

what two things can be done to prevent rusting of materials

A

materials can be greased or painted.

34
Q

describe the haber process

A

“nitrogen and hydrogen are raw materials extracted from the air and then passed over
an iron catalyst at a high temp and pressure. thes then react to produce ammonia
amd it is also a reversible reaction. “

35
Q

what is the formula for ammonia

A

NH3

36
Q

under what conditions does the Haber process take place and why

A

“high pressure, high temperature. a compromise temp of 450 is reached because cooling
the reaction produces a higher pc yield but speeding it up increases the rate of reaction.”

37
Q

what three compounds are used in NPK formulas and why

A

nitrogen, phospherous and potassium because plants need certain ions for healthy growth