C10 using resources Flashcards
what four things do humans use the earth’s resources for
shelter, food, warmth, transport
what four things do natural resources provide
food, timber, clothing, fuels
what two things does chemistry play an important role in
improving agricultural and industrial processes
what is peat
partly decomposed plant matter found in bogs
give three examples of finite resources
fossil fuels, peat, uranium
define sustainable development
“devlopment that meets the needs of the current generation without comprimising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs”
what can finite resources be suplemented by
synthetic or agricultural products
give an example of how the finite resource of fossil fuels can be replaced sustainably
using biofuels made from organic matter
what does potable water mean
water that is safe to drink
what should drinking water have low levels of for humans
salts and microbes
what is the difference between potable and pure water
potable water contains disolved substances where pure water is just h20
how do we mainly collect our water in the UK
through rain water that collects in lakes and river
what does sterilisation do
kill bacteria
what is a filter bed
a tank or a pond containing a layer of sand or gravel for filtering
describe the process of producing potable water
gather water from fresh source, pass it though a filter bed and then sterilise it
give the three sterilising agents used for making potable water
chlorine, ozone, ultraviolet light
what two things means water requires treatment before entering the surroundings
urban lifestyles and industrial processes
what two things need to be removed from agricultural waste
organic matter and harmful microbes
what are three methods of water treatment
screening, sedimentation and bacterial digestion
what is screening
grit removal
what is sedimentation
the production of sludge
what is used to extract metals from low grade areas
copper ores
describe the process of phytomining
planting plants which are then harvested and burned to produce ash containing metal
what is leechate
a liquid with suspended solids in it
what is the process of bioleeching
using bacteria to feed on nutrients in the minerals
what are the 3 alternative metal extraction methods
copper ores. phytomining and bioleeching
why is the life cycle assesment carried out
to assess the environmental impact of products
what five stages does the LCA look at
extraction, packaging, useage, disposability, transportability
what three things can be done to reduce our use of limited resources
reduce, reuse, recycle
what two elements are needed for an object to rust
oxygen and water
what is a ceramic and what is it used for
non metal solids with high melting points. insulaters and used for glass and bricks
what is a composite and what is it used for
“one material embedded in another with different properties. used to get benefits
of two materials”
what two things can be done to prevent rusting of materials
materials can be greased or painted.
describe the haber process
“nitrogen and hydrogen are raw materials extracted from the air and then passed over
an iron catalyst at a high temp and pressure. thes then react to produce ammonia
amd it is also a reversible reaction. “
what is the formula for ammonia
NH3
under what conditions does the Haber process take place and why
“high pressure, high temperature. a compromise temp of 450 is reached because cooling
the reaction produces a higher pc yield but speeding it up increases the rate of reaction.”
what three compounds are used in NPK formulas and why
nitrogen, phospherous and potassium because plants need certain ions for healthy growth
