C10 - Using Resources Flashcards

1
Q

What are natural resources?

A

Substances that were made through the earths for ration and can be used for the benefit of humans

Can be replaced or improved by man-made processes or products

E.g. coal, sand, & clay

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2
Q

Natural resource: Wool

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Clothes, carpets

Acrylic fibres, poly (propene)

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3
Q

Natural resource: Cotton

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Clothes, textiles

Polyester

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4
Q

Natural resource: Silk

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Clothes

Nylon

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5
Q

Natural resource: Linseed oil

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Paint

Acrylic resin

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6
Q

Natural resource: Rubber

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Tyres, washers

Poly (butadiene)

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7
Q

Natural resource: Wood

What are its uses?
What is its synthetic product?

A

Construction

PVC, composite wood (MDF)

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8
Q

What are finite resources?

A

Non-renewable (limited) energy resources

Used quicker than formed

E.g. fossil fuels, nuclear fuels (uranium & plutonium, metal ores)

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9
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

Development that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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10
Q

Metal ore mining

What are the advantages & disadvantages?

A

Advantages:
• provides jobs for people
• provides money for the region

Disadvantages:
• destruction of habitats
• high energy usage
• transportation
• production of waste

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11
Q

How is Bio leaching and Phyto mining used in recycling copper rich ores?

A

Copper rich ores are in short supply

Bioleaching
• bacteria is used to convert the copper compounds into soluble copper

Phyto mining
• plants are grown in soils that contain copper; plants can’t use copper so there is a build up of copper in the leaves
• plants are burned & the copper is extracted through electrolysis or displacement

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12
Q

How are metals recycled?

How is glass recycled?

A

Metals recycled by melting and then casting into shape of new products

Reused, crushed, & melted into shape
Some forms cannot be reused
Spectated by colour & chemical composition before recycling

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13
Q

What is potable water?

A

Water that is safe for humans to drink

• dissolved salts are low
• pH 6.5 - 8.5
• free from microbes

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14
Q

How is rainwater treated to make it more potable?

A
  1. Filter
  2. Sterilise (Cl2, ozone, uv)
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15
Q

Where is fresh water collected from?

A

Surface water
• lakes, rivers, reservoirs

Ground water
• underground in aquifers (rocks that trap water)

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16
Q

How is sea water treated to make it more potable?

A

Used when there is not enough rainfall

  1. Desalination = removing salt

(Expensive ~ needs lots of energy)
2. Distillation
3. Reverse osmosis (using membranes)

17
Q

What is the test for potable water?

A

Heat water sample until it evaporates (at 100°C) & then condense

Test the condensed liquid pH

18
Q

Waste water treatment

Sewage treatment

A

Flushing, shower/bath, sink (washing up), washing machines/dishwashers, & agriculture

Goes to sewage treatment plant

  1. Screening - large materials removed (twigs, plastic bags, condoms, etc.)
  2. Settlement - sedimentation (heavier bits sink to the bottom)
  3. Effluent: removed & treated with biological aerobic digestion (pump air into it & bacteria break it down)
    Sludge: removed & goes into a tank; treated anaerobic bacteria - releases methane
19
Q

What is LCA

What are the stages

A

Life cycle assessment
= the impact of a product on the environment

  1. Getting raw materials
  2. Manufacturing & packaging
  3. Using the product
  4. Disposal