C10 Metals Flashcards
describe metallic bonding
lattice of positive metal ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
giant lattice structure, electrostatic force of attraction, high melting and boiling point, can conduct electricity
describe general physical properties of metals
high melting and boiling points, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity
define malleable
can be bent of hammered into shape
define ductile
can be drawn into wires
define an alloy
A mixture of a metal with another substance
explain why an alloy is more useful than the pure metal
it is harder because the other element disrupts the lattice structure and makes it more difficult to remove the layers from the metal
what is a brass
an alloy of copper and zinc
why is nickel and chromium alloyed with iron
chromium- to prevent steel from rusting
nickel- makes it harder
define an ore
a rock that contains a high enough percentage of metal for economic extraction
why is it important that metals are recycled?
because metal ores are finite
explain 2 uses of aluminium
Aircraft because of its strength and low density and in food containers because of its resistance to corrosion
Place the elements in the order of reactivity
highest——>smallest
Al, C, Ca, Cu, Fe, H2, K, Mg, Na, Zn
K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, C, Zn, Fe, H2, Cu
how does the reactivity of a metal relate to how easy it is to extract from its ore
The more reactive a metal is the more difficult it is to extract from its ore
how does the reactivity of a metal relate to its tendency to from a positive ion
the more reactive a metal the easier it is to lose its valence electron(s) and form a positive ion
what do we call an alloy that contains iron and other substances
steel
how is iron extracted from the metal ore hematite series extracted from their ores
by heating with carbon
describe the uses of steel and stainless steel
mild steel for car bodies and machinery and stainless steel for chemical plants and cutlery
name an ore which contains iron
Haematite
Three raw materials are added to the top of the blast furnace: an iron ore, lime stone and A. What is A?
coke/ carbon
describe how metallic and non-metallic elements form bonds
-metals lose electrons and non-metal gain electrons
-metals form positive ions, non metals form negative ions
-electrostatic force of attraction between ions
