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AQA GCSE Chemistry > C1 Part 1 > Flashcards

C1 Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name two metals that can be extracted by reduction with carbon

A

Any two metals that are less reactive than carbon e.g. iron and tin

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2
Q

Give the word equation for the reduction of a metal oxide with carbon

A

Metal oxide + carbon → metal + carbon dioxide

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3
Q

Give the symbol equation for the reduction of tin oxide with carbon

A

SnO2 + C → Sn + CO2

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4
Q

What is the environmental impact of CO2?

A

Greenhouse effect leading to climate change.

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5
Q

Iron has a mass number of 56. Each iron atom contains 26 protons. How many neutrons does it have?

A

30

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6
Q

Describe how limewater is used to test for carbon dioxide.

A

The gas is bubble through limewater. If the limewater goes cloudy then the gas is carbon dioxide.

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7
Q

Give a word equation for the thermal decomposition of zinc carbonate.

A

Zinc carbonate → Zinc oxide + carbon dioxide

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8
Q

Give a balanced symbol equation for the thermal decomposition of zinc carbonate.

A

ZnCO3 → ZnO + CO2

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9
Q

Name the 3 chemicals shown in the lime cycle.

A
  • Calcium carbonate
  • Calcium Oxide
  • Calcium Hydroxide
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10
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon

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11
Q

Draw the displayed formula for butane (C4H10)

A
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12
Q

Name the first 4 alkanes

A
  1. Methane
  2. Ethane
  3. Propane
  4. Butane
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13
Q

What is the name of the process used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil?

A

Fractional Distillation

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14
Q

Skecth an atom. Label the nucleus and the electrons.

A
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15
Q

What are the symbols for:

a) Carbon
b) Calcium

C) Sodium

A

Carbon - C

Calcium - Ca

Sodium - Na

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16
Q

Which elements properties are more similar to magnesium’s: calcium or iron?

Explain why.

A

Calcium - it is closer to magnesium in the periodic table

17
Q

Describe how you would work out the electronic structure of an atom given its atomic number.

A

The total number of electrons is equal to the atomic number.

Electrons fill shells closest to the nucleus first.

Each shell has maximum number of electrons that it can hold.

2 in the 1st, 8 in the 2nd, 8 in the 3rd, 18 in the 4th.

This matches the structure of the periodic table.

18
Q

Describe the process of ionic bonding.

A

Metal atoms lose electrons to become positive ions (cations)

Non-metals gain electrons to become negative ions (anions)

Cations and anions have opposite charges so are attracted to one another.

19
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

The sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms.

A covalent bond is a pair of shared electrons.

20
Q

What are the products when limestone (calcium carbonate) reacts with sulphuric acid?

A

Calcium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

21
Q

What is calcium hydroxide used for?

A

Neutralising acid soil or lakes.

22
Q

Name 3 building materials made from limestone.

A

Cement

Mortar

Concrete

23
Q

What is the definition of an ore?

A

A rock that contains enough metal to make it worthwhile extracting the metal from it.

24
Q

Give a reason why aluminium is expensive.

A

It is extracted by electrolysis which uses large amounts of expensive electricity.

25
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The breaking down of a substance using electricity.

26
Q

What is the name of the process where plants are used to extract metals from the soil?

A

Phytomining

27
Q

Give 3 reasons why it is good to recycle metals.

A

It takes less energy (fossil fuels) that mining and extracting new metals.

There is a finite amount of metal available in the Earth’s crust - we are running out.

It cuts down on waste going to landfill sites.

28
Q

Give 3 properties of metals.

A

Malleable (bent easily)

Good conductors of heat

Good conductors of electricity

29
Q

Give 3 examples of alloys and say what is in them.

A

Solder - Lead & Tin

Brass - Copper & Zinc

Bronze - Copper & Tin

30
Q

What is the general formula of an alkane?

A

CnH2n+2

31
Q

How are Nitrogen Oxides produced in a petrol engine?

A

Nitrogen and Oxygen react at a high temperature inside the petrol engine causing Nitrogen Oxides to form.

32
Q

Give a reason sulphur dioxide is produced in a petrol engine

A

The sulphur/ crude oil in the petrol reacts with oxygen.

33
Q
A

AQA GCSE Chemistry (3 decks)

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