C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are the columns in the periodic table called?
Groups
Define compound
Different types of atoms chemically bonded together.
What do Chemical equations show?
The reactants and the products in a reaction.
What does it mean when an equation is balanced?
There is the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
What is the Law of conservation of mass?
The total mass of the product formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants.
What are the 4 state symbols?
(S) - solids
(L) - liquids
(G) - gases
(Aq) - aqueous solutions - substances that dissolve in water
Define mixture
Made up of two or more substances (elements or compounds) that are not chemically combined together.
What is filtration?
It’s a technique used to separate substances that are insoluble in a particular solvent from those that are soluble in the solvent.
What is crystallisation?
A technique that separates a soluble solid from a solvent after filtration. By heating the remaining solvent in an evaporating dish on a water bath, on a tripod and gauze. Heating should be stopped when the solution is at the point of crystallisation. (Small crystals appear around the edge of the solution.)
What is distillation?
A technique used to collect the solvent from crystallisation. It collects the vapour (solvent), which enters a condenser. The hit vapour is cooled and condensed back into a liquid.
What is paper chromatography?
It’s a technique used to separate and identify substances from mixtures in a solution. It works because some compounds in a mixture will dissolve better than others in the solvent chosen.
What is paper chromatography?
It’s a technique used to separate and identify substances from mixtures in a solution. It works because some compounds in a mixture will dissolve better than others in the solvent chosen.
Define element
A substance made up of only one type of atom.
