C1 Atomic Structure Flashcards
Aqueous solution
The mixture made by adding a soluble substance to water
Atom
The smallest part Of an element that can still be recognised as that element
Atomic numbee
The number of protons (which equals the number of electrons) in an atom. It is somethimes called the proton number
Balanced symbol equation
A symbol equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the equation
Biofuel
Fuel made from animal or plant products
Chromatography
The process whereby small amounts of dissolved substances are spereatwd by running a solvent along a material such as absorbent paper
Compound
A substance made when two or more elements are chemically bonded together
Electron
A tiny particle with a negative charge. Electrons orbit the nucleus of atoms or ions in shells
Electronic structure
A set of numbers to show the arrangement of electrons in their shells
Group
All the elements in the columns labelled0 to 7 in the periodic table
Ion
A charged particle produced by the loss or gain of electrons
Isotope
atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons, i.e., they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Law of conservation of mass
the total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants
Mass number
The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron
A dense particle found the in the nucleus of an atom
It is neutral carrying no charge
Noble gases
The very unreactive gases found in group 0 of the periodic table. Their atoms have very stable electronic structures
Nucleus
Very small and dense part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
Periodic table
An arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers forming groups and periods
Product
A substance made as a result of a chemical reaction
Proton
A tiny positive particle found inside the nucleus of an atom
Reactant
A substance we start eith before a chemical readtion takes place
Shell
An area in an atom, around its nucleus, where electrons are found
State symbol
The abbreviations used in balanced symbol equations to show if reactants and products are solids liquid gases or dissolved in water
Symbol equation
an equation that helps you see how much of each substance is involved in a chemical reaction by showing the chemical symbols and formulae of all the reactants and products involved
Word equation
A way of describinf what happens in a chemical reaction by showing the names of all reactants and the products they form
