C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
Define element.
substance made up of 1 type of atom
Define compound.
substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically bonded together
Define mixture.
substance made up of 2 or more elements not chemically bonded together
What is a proton?
positively charged particle
What is an electron?
negatively charged particle
What is a neutron?
neutrally charged particle (zero charge)
What is the electron configuration for an atom?
2,8,8…
What is the nucleus of an atom made up of?
protons & neutrons
What is the charge of the nucleus of an atom?
positively charged
What is the overall charge of the atom?
neutrally charged
Who invented the plum pudding model of the atom?
JJ Thomson
What was the plum pudding model?
ball of positively charged mass with electrons “mixed” in
Who discovered protons?
Rutherford
What was the alpha scattering experiment?
- alpha particles fired at gold foil
- some particles travelled straight through
- some particles deflected
- some reflected right back
What did the particles that travelled straight through the foil suggest?
atoms are mostly made up of empty space
What did the particles that were deflected suggest?
centre of the atom has a positive charge
What did the particles that were reflected suggest?
centre of the atom is a concentrated mass
What is the no. of protons the same as?
atomic no.
How do you calculate the no. of neutrons?
mass no. - atomic no.
What is the no. of protons equal to?
no. of electrons
Define ion.
atom that has lost or gained electrons
Define isotope.
atoms that has same no. of protons but diff. no. of neutrons
What charge does an atom that has lost electrons have?
positive
What charge does an atom that has gained electrons have?
negative
