c1 Flashcards
what law was passed in 2010 by the US Congress for a major regulatory reform of US healthcare?
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act/Obamacare
Who published standards to provide a clear and consistent understanding of industry and post-secondary knowledge that healthcare workes must possess?
National Consortium for Health Science Education
Who created acupuncture?
the Chinese
What is the strategic insertion of small needles into the body to treat disease and pain?
acupuncture
What is acupuncture commonly used for?
chronic pain and infertility
Who were the first to study the pulse?
the Chinese
Who believed that examining the characteristics of a patient’s pulse helped determine the severity of an illness?
the Chinese
Who began the practice of medical examinations?
the Egyptians/Babylonians
Who introduced the concepts of diagnosis and prognosis?
the Egyptians/Babylonians
Who is known as the Father of Medicine?
Hippocrates
What is the Hippocratic Oath?
a promise to practice medicine honestly
Who performed eye and brain surgeries that were not attempted again until 2,000 years after his death?
Galen
Who created the caduceus?
the Greeks
Who carried the caduceus?
Hermes
Who created hospitals?
the Romans
Who invented surgical instruments, which included forceps, scalpels, and surgical needles?
the Romans
Who performed the first cataract surgery?
the Romans
Who has a history of 40,000 years of healers?
Native Americans
Which Native American tribes used herbs and natural pain relievers?
the Navajo and Cherokee
What years were the Dark and Middle Ages?
400 CE to 1400 CE
Who was the Jewish philosopher who described numerous medical conditions and emphasized the importance of moderation and a healthy lifestyle?
Maimonides
Who could practice surgery, dentistry, and bloodletting, and traveled with armies, as well as performed amputations?
Barber Surgeons
What colors were often associated with Barber Surgeons?
red, white, blue
When did doctors begin using observations and careful note-taking?
1600s
Who invented the microscope?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Which English doctor developed the practice of vaccination by observing people who developed cowpox?
Edward Jenner
What was the first available inhalable anesthetic?
Dythal Ether
Who reduced mortality that resulted from lack of hygiene and nutrition, and laid the foundation for professional nursing?
Florence Nightingale
Who was the first woman to study and practicie medicine in the US?
Elizabeht Blackwell
Who established the Women’s Medical College in New York?
Elizabeth Blackwell
What year was the Women’s Medical College in New York established?
1868
Who formed the American Red Cross?
Clara Barton
Who introduced the concept of hand washing?
Ignaz Semmelweis
Who developed the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax and developed the pasteruization of milk and wine?
Louis Pasteur
Who is known as the father of antiseptic surgery?
Joseph Lister
Who insisted on using soap to disinfect instruments and clean hands before doctors moved from patient to patient?
Joseph Lister
Who discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms called pathogens?
Robert Koch
Who discovered mold that lead to the discovery of penicillin? What year?
Alexander Fleming; 1928
What became the first antibiotic to treat bacterial infections?
penicillin
When did mass production of penicillin began?
1943
Who discovered X-ray technology at the end of the nineteenth century?
Wilhelm Roetgen
When was the electrocardiogram developed? By who?
1903; Willem Einthoven
Who discovered Radium at the beginning of the twentieth century?
Marie and Pierre Curie
When was insulin discovered? By who?
1922; Fredrick Banting and Charles Best
What is insulin used for?
the regulation of glucose levels in the blood
Who was credited with the discovery of DNA?
James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Watson
Whose research helped the discovery of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
