C1

Question 1

explanations about atoms started around?

Answer 1

400B.C

Question 2

in 1803, what scientist began to develop the atom in detail

what did his model describe

Answer 2

John Dalton

his model described an atom as a “billiard ball”that cannot be divided

Question 3

in 1897, a scientist made what discovery

Answer 3

J.J Thomson discovered the electron

Question 4

what did Thomson describe the atom as?

Answer 4

A “plum pudding” model - negative electrons embedded in a ball of positive charge

Question 5

in 1909, 3 scientist made what discovery after an experiment

Answer 5

Geiger, Marsden and Ernest Rutherford proposed that atoms have a nucleus

Question 6

1911, Rutherford created what model of the atom and what was it described as

Answer 6

The nuclear model

a positively charged nucleus in the centre where most of the atom mass was concentrated

Question 7

1913, What scientist agreed/complemented Rutherford 1911 discovery and how

Answer 7

Niels Bohr
he said the electrons orbited the positively charged nucleus at specific distances -
he said a fixed amount of energy was required for electrons to move from one orbit to the next

Question 8

when was the “proton” first used/named

Answer 8

1920

Question 9

when was the neutron discovered and by who

Answer 9

1932 by James Chadwick

Question 10

what is the nucleus made up of

what orbits this nucleus

Answer 10

protons and neutrons

electrons

Question 11

what is the atomic number

Answer 11

the number of protons in an atom

Question 12

what is the mass number

Answer 12

the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 13

why is there an equal amount of protons and electrons in an atom

Answer 13

because they are oppositely charged and the atom must be neutral(for it to not be an ion) they must cancel each other out

Question 14

give an example of working out the number of protons and neutrons with the mass number
23
11 C

Answer 14

atomic number=11
mass number=23
23-11=12
12 neutrons 
11 protons and electrons

Question 15

what are isotopes

Answer 15

a form of an atom with a different mass number due to a change in neutrons

Question 16

why can isotopes not be a change in electrons or protons

Answer 16

isotopes are a change in mass number-electrons have no mass
because it will change the charge therefore it is no longer the same atom(change in protons) or it becomes an ion(change in electrons)

Question 17

what is the equation for relative atomic mass

Answer 17

Ar= (mass of first isotope x % of first isotope) + (mass of 2nd isotope x % of 2nd isotope)
_______________________________________________________________
100

Question 18

Name the group 7 elements

What are they called

Answer 18

(F)Fluorine, (Cl)Chlorine, (Br) Bromine, (I) Iodine, (At)Astaline
Halogens

Question 19

what are halogens

Answer 19

group 7
non metals that exist as pairs of atoms
(F2, Br2, Cl2, I2)

Question 20

how do you balance an equation

balance MG+O2-> MGO

Answer 20

have an equal amount of products as reactants

2MG+O2->2MGO

Question 21

what is the relationship between atomic mass and relative molecular mass

Answer 21

RMM is double the AM

Question 22

as molecular mass increases, what else increases?

Answer 22

BP and MP

Question 23

if MP and BP are both negative what is the state of the halogen at room temp?
if MP is negative and BP is positive(vice versa)?
if MP and BP are both positive?

Answer 23

Gas
Liquid
Solid

Question 24

as you go down group 7 how does the reactivity change?

Answer 24

it decreases

Question 25

if a halogen is bubbled through a solution of metal halides what happens

Answer 25

a displacement reaction where the more reactive halogen replaces the less reactive or no reaction

Question 26

what is a displacement reaction

give an example

Answer 26

a reaction where an atom replaces a another atom in a molecule
bromine replaces iodine from iodide solutions as it is more reactive - Br2 + 2KI-> 2KBr+I2

Question 27

What is the overall charge of the atoms nucleus

Answer 27

Positive

Question 28

name the 3 sub atomic particles

Answer 28

proton, neutron, electron

Question 29

around the atom, electrons are found in fixed _____

Answer 29

orbits

Question 30

what experiment did rutherford carry out in 1911

Answer 30

he shot alpha particles at gold foil and found some went through and others reflected back

Question 31

how was the periodic table developed in 1869

Answer 31

A scientist named mendeleev took all of the known elements and ordered them by atomic weight but left gaps for elements he did not know of yet

Question 32

group 1 metal properties

Answer 32

more reactive as you go down the column
1 electron in their outer shell
all soft 
low density 
the MP AND BP get lower
Relative atomic mass gets higher

Question 33

explain the difference between a subscript and a coefficient

Answer 33

the subscript says how many atoms of the element are in that molecule
the coefficient entails how many of that molecule there are

Question 34

group 0 are known as?

Answer 34

noble gases

Question 35

properties of noble gases

Answer 35

the relative atomic masses increase as you go down them
inert
stable full outer shell
colourless gases at room temp

Question 36

halogen ions are called

Answer 36

halides

Question 37

group one metals are called?

Answer 37

alkali metals