C-Spine

Question 1

what myotome corresponds to C1?

Answer 1

capital flexors

Question 2

what myotome corresponds to C2?

Answer 2

capital extensors

Question 3

what myotome corresponds to C3?

Answer 3

neck lateral flexors

Question 4

what myotome corresponds to C4?

Answer 4

shoulder (scapular) elevators

Question 5

what myotome corresponds to C5?

Answer 5

shoulder abductors

Question 6

what myotome corresponds to C6?

Answer 6

elbow flexors

wrist extensors

brachioradialis

Question 7

what myotome corresponds to C7?

Answer 7

elbow extensors

wrist flexors

triceps

Question 8

what myotome corresponds to C8?

Answer 8

thumb ab/adductors

Question 9

what myotome corresponds to T1?

Answer 9

finger ab/adductors

Question 10

Describe the layers of the vertebral endplate

Answer 10

hyaline cartilage toward vertebral body

fibrocartilage toward nucleus of disc

Question 11

describe the relative structure of the annulus fibrosis of C-Spine disc

Answer 11

thick and strong anteriorly w/lambdoid orientation at midline

thin and weak poteriorly w/longitudinal fibers and a transverse fissure

Question 12

what are the articulations of the Joints of Luschka?

Answer 12

medial border of uncinate processes with inferiolateral border of superior vertebra

Question 13

do joints of lushcka have articular capsules?

Answer 13

no, they are enclosed in a capsule that blends with the articular disc

Question 14

what is the role of the obliquus capitis inferior?

Answer 14

rotates the head ipsilaterally

Question 15

what is the role of the obliquus capitis superior?

Answer 15

capital extension

ipsilateral lateral flexion

Question 16

what is the role of the rectus capitis posterior major?

Answer 16

capital extension

ipsilateral rotation

Question 17

what is the role of the rectus capitis posterior minor?

Answer 17

extends the head

Question 18

what is the role of the longus colli?

Answer 18

1. bilateral contraction = neck flexion and straightening out of cervical curvature
2. unilateral contraction = ipsilateral neck flexion

Question 19

what is the relationship between scalenese and longus colli?

Answer 19

if the longus colli is not active, the scalense will increase cervical lordosis due to their orientation

Question 20

what is the origin and insertion of the anterior scalene?

Answer 20

transverse processes of C3-C6

1st rib

Question 21

what is the origin and insertion of the middle scalene?

Answer 21

transverse process of C2-C7

1st rib

Question 22

what is the origin and insertion of the posterior scalene?

Answer 22

transverse processes of C4-C6

2nd rib

Question 23

the crucriate ligament is made up of what 2 ligaments?

Answer 23

1. transverso-occipital ligament → superior margin of the transverse ligament to basalar process of occipital bone
2. transverso-axial ligament → inferior margin of transverse ligament to posterior surface of body of axis

Question 24

what ligaments attach to the odontoid process?

Answer 24

Alar ligament

Apical ligament of dens

Question 25

the tectoral membrane is an extension of what ligament?

Answer 25

posterior longitudinal ligament

spans from posterior body of C2 to sacrum

Question 26

what ligament is continuous with the supraspinous ligaments?

Answer 26

Ligamentum Nuchae

Question 27

what ligament checks cervical flexion motion?

Answer 27

ligamenta flava

Question 28

how are cervical nerve roots named?

Answer 28

these nerve roots pass above the segment they are named for

until we get to C8 which passes underneath the C7 segment and above the T1 segment