C/s Foundations (10) Flashcards
What portion of the neck is upper c/s
Occiput-C2
What portion of the neck is mid c/s
C3-C6
What portion of the neck is lower c/s
C7-T1
Describe what a cervical vertebrae looks like (body, SP, foramen, TP)
-small oval body
-wide vertebral arch and lg vertebral foramen
-long bifid SP that points down (not on C7)
-TP attaches mus and lig
What are the 3 ant components of vertebrae
-posterolat lip (uncus)
-pedicle
-TP
What are the 3 posterior components of vertebrae
-lamina
-bifid SP
-sup/inf AP
What is the shape and inclination of the facets
-lower facet is convex, upper is concave
-45 degree inclination
What is another name for uncinate processes
Jt of luschka
What segs are uncinate processes found
C3-7
Fxn of uncinate processes
-prevents vertebrae from sliding back off inf vert and limits SB
Describe what the uncinate processes are
-superior surface of vert below curves up and forms hyaline lip
Describe the components of a disc (annulus fibrosis, direction of fibers)
-annulus fibrosis doesn’t encompass entire perimeter (LACKS POST)
-fibers are vertically post
How are involved n roots ID? Ex?
-ID by caudal seg of intervertebral foramen
-ex. herniated disc w/ C4-5 bulge, affects C5 n root
What % ranges does n root occupy foramina space
25-33%
what 3 structures does the transverse foramen house
-vertebral a
-accessory vertebral v
-vertebral n
where is vertebral a located
lat to longus colli, med to ant scalene
what movement makes vertebral a most vulnerable to compress
C1-2 rot
What pos decreases BF of vertebral a
20 degrees ext and rot
7 cervical myelopathy red flags
-sensory disturb in hands
-hand intrinsic mus wasting
-unsteady gait
-hoffman’s reflex
-hyper reflex
-bowel and bladder probs
-multiseg wk and/or sensory changes
what are the % of movement for upper c/s (rot, flex/ext, overall motion)
-60% rot
-40% flex/ext
-45% overall neck motion
What MOI is upper c/s susceptible to injury
indirect high energy trauma
what does alar lig limit?
flex
describe the slack/limit of alar with cervical motion
-Rot head in one direction, contra lig tightens and ipsilat lig slackens
-Contralat lig limits SB
what jts form the upper c/s
OA and AA jts
what structures does C1 not have
no body or SP
Are SB and rot in upper c/s opp or same
opp
how are coupling biomech different from upper and lower c/s
lower SB and rot to SAME side
Describe facet biomechanics of flex
Sup and ant glide of superior on inferior bilateral
Describe facet biomechanics of ext
Inf and post glide
Describe facet biomechanics of rot
Sup and ant glide of superior on inferior facet on one side
Slight inf and post glide on opp side
