C&P: Intravenous Induction Agents

Question 1

Chemical Composition: Thiopental

Answer 1

Thiobarbiturate

Question 2

Chemical Composition: Methohexital

Answer 2

Oxybarbiturate

Question 3

Chemical Composition: Propofol

Answer 3

2,6 Di-isopropylphenol

Question 4

Chemical Composition: Ketamine

Answer 4

Phenylcyclidine derivitave

Question 5

Chemical Composition: Etomidate

Answer 5

Imidazole ester

Question 6

Dose (mg/kg): Thiopental

Answer 6

3-7

Question 7

Dose (mg/kg): Methohexital

Answer 7

1-1.5

Question 8

Dose (mg/kg): Propofol

Answer 8

1-2

Question 9

Dose (mg/kg): Ketamine

Answer 9

1-2 (IV), 5-10 (IM)

Question 10

Dose (mg/kg): Etomidate

Answer 10

0.3

Question 11

pKa: Thiopental

Answer 11

7.6

Question 12

pKa: Methohexital

Answer 12

7.9

Question 13

pKa: Propofol

Answer 13

11.0

Question 14

pKa: Ketamine

Answer 14

7.5

Question 15

pKa: Etomidate

Answer 15

4.0

Question 16

pH in solution: Thiopental

Answer 16

10.5

Question 17

pH in solution: Methohexital

Answer 17

11

Question 18

pH in solution: Propofol

Answer 18

6-8.5

Question 19

pH in solution: Ketamine

Answer 19

3.5-5.5

Question 20

pH in solution: Etomidate

Answer 20

8.1

Question 21

Vol of Distribution (L/kg): Thiopental

Answer 21

2.5

Question 22

Vol of Distribution (L/kg): Methohexital

Answer 22

2.0

Question 23

Vol of Distribution (L/kg): Propofol

Answer 23

4.0

Question 24

Vol of Distribution (L/kg): Ketamine

Answer 24

3.0

Question 25

Vol of Distribution (L/kg): Etomidate

Answer 25

3.0

Question 26

Protein Binding (%): Thiopental

Answer 26

80

Question 27

Protein Binding (%): Methohexital

Answer 27

60

Question 28

Protein Binding (%): Propofol

Answer 28

98

Question 29

Protein Binding (%): Ketamine

Answer 29

25

Question 30

Protein Binding (%): Etomidate

Answer 30

75

Question 31

Racemic?: Thiopental

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

Racemic?: Methohexital

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

Racemic?: Propofol

Answer 33

No

Question 34

Racemic?: Ketamine

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

Racemic?: Etomidate

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

Action: Thiopental

Answer 36

Increased GABA A opening, leading to increased Cl- current

Question 37

Action: Methohexital

Answer 37

Simulates GABA, inhibits NMDA

Question 38

Action: Propofol

Answer 38

Inhibits NMDA and opioid mu receptors (stimulates K and D)

Question 39

Action: Ketamine

Answer 39

Stimulates GABA

Question 40

Action: Etomidate

Answer 40

Nil

Question 41

Metabolites, ?active: Thiopental

Answer 41

Oxidation with active metabolites

Question 42

Metabolites, ?active: Methohexital

Answer 42

Unknown with minimal activity

Question 43

Metabolites, ?active: Propofol

Answer 43

Glucuronidation hydroxylation with inactive metabolites

Question 44

Metabolites, ?active: Ketamine

Answer 44

N-Demethylation hydroxylation with active metabolites

Question 45

Metabolites, ?active: Etomidate

Answer 45

Plasma and hepatic esterases with inactive metabolites

Question 46

Clearance (ml/(kg*min): Thiopental

Answer 46

3.5

Question 47

Clearance (ml/(kg*min): Methohexital

Answer 47

11

Question 48

Clearance (ml/(kg*min): Propofol

Answer 48

30-60

Question 49

Clearance (ml/(kg*min): Ketamine

Answer 49

17

Question 50

Clearance (ml/(kg*min): Etomidate

Answer 50

10-20

Question 51

Elimination Rate (hours): Thiopental

Answer 51

6-15

Question 52

Elimination Rate (hours): Methohexital

Answer 52

3-5

Question 53

Elimination Rate (hours): Propofol

Answer 53

5-12

Question 54

Elimination Rate (hours): Ketamine

Answer 54

2

Question 55

Elimination Rate (hours): Etomidate

Answer 55

1-4

Question 56

Hypersensitivity: Thiopental

Answer 56

Anaphylaxis 1:20,000

Question 57

Hypersensitivity: Methohexital

Answer 57

More common than 1:20,000 (ie theopental), but less severe

Question 58

Hypersensitivity: Propofol

Answer 58

Nil

Question 59

Hypersensitivity: Ketamine

Answer 59

Rashes in 15%

Question 60

Hypersensitivity: Etomidate

Answer 60

Rare