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Integrated Physical Sciences – C165 > C 165 Chemistry > Flashcards

C 165 Chemistry Flashcards

Chemistry

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT a property of matter?

has the capacity to do work and cause change

is made up of small building blocks called atoms

takes up space and has mass

A

has the capacity to do work and cause change

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2
Q

Which subatomic particle is located outside the nucleus?

protons

neutrons

electrons

A

electrons

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3
Q

Which subatomic particle has approximately the same mass as the proton?

the electron

the neutron

A

the neutron

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4
Q

An electron shell diagram of phosphorus is shown below. How many valence electrons does phosphorus have?

Image of a phosphorus atom with 5 electrons in the outer shell, 8 electrons in the middle shell, and 2 electrons in the inner shell.

five

three

eight

two

A

five

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5
Q

What is shared or transferred when a chemical bond is formed?

valence atoms

valence electrons

valence neutrons

valence protons

A

valence electrons

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6
Q

Which of the following is an element?

copper

sugar

salt

A

copper

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7
Q

A liquid of unknown composition is heated. The liquid evaporates, and a white powder is left behind. Was the unknown substance a pure substance or a mixture?

mixture

pure substance

A

mixture

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8
Q

In what state is matter compressible?

solid

gas and solid

gas

liquid

gas and liquid

A

gas

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9
Q

In what state is the motion of particles lowest?

gas

solid

liquid

A

solid

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10
Q

Why do liquids pour?

because particles of matter slide past one another in the liquid state

because particles of matter are far apart in the liquid state

because particles of matter move at very high velocity in the liquid state

because particles of matter vibrate in place in the liquid state

A

because particles of matter slide past one another in the liquid state

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11
Q

Sugar forms a mixture with water. Is this a chemical change or a physical change?

a physical change

a chemical change

A

a physical change

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12
Q

What type of chemical bond results in the formation of ions?

ionic bond

molecular bond

metallic bond

covalent bond

A

ionic bond

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13
Q

Use the periodic table to answer the following question. What element has 37 protons?

Image of the periodic table.

H

B

Rb

Sr

A

Rb

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14
Q

Which of the following elements is a nonmetal?

oxygen

copper

tin

silicon

A

oxygen

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15
Q

Which type of element is located toward the left on the periodic table?

metalloids

metals

nonmetals

A

metals

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16
Q

How many protons does a lead (Pb) atom have?

Image of the periodic table.

3

82

207

45

A

82

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17
Q

Hydrogen (H2) and chlorine (Cl2) can react to form hydrochloric acid according to the following balanced chemical equation:

H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

2 g + 70 g = ?

If 2 g of H2 and 70 g of Cl2 molecules react, what mass of HCl will form?

70 g

100 g

72 g

2 g

A

72 g

18
Q

At a given temperature, most particles of matter move at an average speed. However, some particles move faster and some move slower, as shown in the following graph.

Assuming that the substance is a liquid, which particles are MOST LIKELY to evaporate?

particles moving faster than average

particles moving slower than average

particles moving at the average speed

A

particles moving faster than average

19
Q

Why does steam burn skin?

Liquid water releases heat as it evaporates off the skin, which damages the tissue.

Liquid water absorbs heat as it evaporates off the skin, which damages the tissue.

Water vapor absorbs heat as it condenses on the skin, which damages the tissue.

Water vapor releases heat as it condenses on the skin, which damages the tissue.

A

Water vapor releases heat as it condenses on the skin, which damages the tissue.

20
Q

Which of the following is an example of a substance evaporating?

A windshield fogs over.

An ice cube disappears when it is placed in a hot drink.

Ice forms on a pond.

Water turns to steam when it hits a hot stovetop.

A

Water turns to steam when it hits a hot stovetop.

21
Q

How is a compound formed?

Electrons are transferred or shared between atoms.

Protons are transferred or shared between atoms.

Atomic nuclei fuse together.

A

Electrons are transferred or shared between atoms.

22
Q

What type of change occurs when water evaporates off a sidewalk?

a physical change

a chemical change

A

a physical change

23
Q

Is the following change a physical change or a chemical change?

C10H12 → 2 C5H6

a physical change

a chemical change

A

a chemical change

24
Q

Use the periodic table to answer the following question. Which of the following elements will have properties MOST similar to sulfur (S)?

Image of the periodic table.

O

Ar

Cl

P

A

O

25
Q

Which action demonstrates a chemical change?

Cooking an egg
Shredding paper
Evaporating water
Breaking a stick

A

Cooking an egg

26
Q

Which type of bond is formed when valence electrons are shared between two atoms?

Ionic
Mechanical
Covalent
Metallic

A

Covalent

27
Q

Which properties will elements in group 2 share, based on location in the periodic table?

Choose 2 answers

Good thermal conductivity
Good electrical conductivity
Poor thermal conductivity
Poor electrical conductivity

A

Good thermal conductivity

Good electrical conductivity

28
Q

Consider the location of sodium (Na) on the periodic table.

Which element has chemical properties that are similar to sodium’s?

Potassium (K)
Beryllium (Be)
Neon (Ne)
Chlorine (Cl)

A

Potassium (K)

29
Q

A beaker contains 500 g of liquid water. An ice cube with a mass of 5 g is added to the water in the beaker.

How many grams of liquid water are in the beaker when the ice has melted?

Less than 500 g
500 g
505 g
More than 505 g

A

505 g

30
Q

A chemist places 250 grams of liquid water into a beaker. The volume of the liquid water is 250 milliliters. The chemist then freezes the water. After it is frozen, the ice has a volume of 273 milliliters.

What is the mass of the ice?

250 grams
Between 250 grams and 273 grams
273 grams
More than 250 grams

A

250 grams

31
Q

When baking soda is added to vinegar, a chemical reaction occurs. The reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, and a liquid solution consisting mostly of water and a salt called sodium acetate.

How is mass affected in this reaction, according to the law of conservation of matter?

The total mass of baking soda and carbon dioxide must equal the total mass of the liquid solution.

The total mass of baking soda and vinegar must equal the total mass of carbon dioxide and the liquid solution.

The total mass of baking soda and vinegar must equal the total mass of the liquid solution.

The total mass of vinegar and water must equal the total mass of baking soda, carbon dioxide, and the liquid solution.

A

The total mass of baking soda and carbon dioxide must equal the total mass of the liquid solution.

32
Q

In which phase change is energy being absorbed from the surroundings?

A pond freezing over in winter
Water boiling on an electric burner
Molten glass solidifying into a vase
Clouds forming on a summer day

A

Water boiling on an electric burner

33
Q

What happens when wet clothes dry outside on a warm day?

The water in the clothes absorbs energy from the air and becomes a gas.
The water in the clothes releases energy into the air and becomes a gas.
The air absorbs energy from the water and changes the water into a gas.
The air releases energy into the clothes and changes into liquid water.

A

The water in the clothes absorbs energy from the air and becomes a gas.

34
Q

Which subatomic particle is located outside the nucleus?

Proton
Neutron
Electron
Ion

A

Electron

35
Q

What charge does a neutron have?

Positive charge
Negative charge
No charge
Variable charge

A

No charge

36
Q

A chocolate chip cookie is made with dough and chocolate chips.

Which type of substance is a chocolate chip cookie?

Element
Compound
Mixture
Mineral

A

Mixture

37
Q

Which example describes a compound?

A substance with only iron atoms
A substance with sodium atoms bonded to chlorine atoms
A substance with fluorine and nitrogen atoms that are not bonded together
A substance with iron and aluminum atoms that are not bonded to each other

A

A substance with sodium atoms bonded to chlorine atoms

38
Q

In which state of matter are particles close together, but able to slide past one another?

Liquid
Solid
Plasma
Gas

A

Liquid

39
Q

Which change of state does the image show?

Solid to liquid
Liquid to gas
Gas to solid
Gas to liquid

A

Solid to liquid

40
Q

Is heat absorbed or released when a gas condenses?

Heat is released when a gas condenses.

Heat is absorbed when a gas condenses.

A

Heat is released when a gas condenses.

Integrated Physical Sciences – C165 (4 decks)

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