C-1 Hand Tools Flashcards
What is the “Kerf”?
Width of the cut
What is the Crosscut saw used for?
Cutting across the grain
What is a “ripsaw” used for?
Cutting with the grain
What are the parts of a handsaw? (7)
Blade, toe, stud, teeth, back, handle, heel
What is a backsaw used for? Describe visual feature
Precise bench work
The back is held straight to avoid bending and ensure accuracy
What is a “mitre saw” used for? Describe visual feature
Cutting mitres for mouldings and trims.
Usually used in a metal frame mitre box for accuracy
What is a “dovetail saw”?
Describe visual feature
A small backsaw, used for cutting dovetails. (Interlocking joints)
Like a backsaw, with a small handle. May be reversible
What is a “pull saw”?
Saws that cut on the “pull” stroke, as opposed to the “push”
What is a “compass saw”?
Describe visual feature
A saw with a narrow, tapered blade, used for cutting curves
Looks like a gun
What is a “keyhole saw”?
Describe visual feature
A saw with a narrow, tapered blade, used for cutting curves
Looks like a smaller gun
What is a “drywall saw”?
Describe visual feature
A saw with a thicker, tapered blade, allowing for easier plunge cuts
Small handle
What is a “coping saw”?
Describe visual feature
A saw used for cutting a coped joint at the inside corners of baseboards or crown mouldings
Has a “U” shaped frame
What is a “hacksaw”?
Describe visual feature
A saw designed to cut metals
Looks like the saw in every horror movie
What are some ways to maintain a handsaw?
- Protect teeth with a guard
- Never set down on metal or concrete surfaces
- Never leave a saw where it could be stepped on
- Never place lumber or other tools on top of the saw
- Keep blades free of rust, pitch, or other wood residue
- Rub blades with paraffin wax to reduce friction and protect from rust
- Use the correct saw for the job/ material being cut
- Sharped or replace when the blade becomes dull
What are the 4 categories of carpentry tools?
Measuring and layout
Cutting, boring, shaping
Fastening
Finishing
What are some layout tools?
Straight edges, chalk lines, pencils, marking gauges, squares, levels, and plumbing tools
What are some cutting tools?
Handsaws
What are some boring tools?
Drills and drill bits
What are some shaping tools?
Planes, chisels, hatchets, axes and knives
How does an adjustable hook work on a tape measure?
Slides in and out at equal thickness to the hook
What is a steel tape?
A tape made of flexible spring steel and housed in a crank-type handle for rewinding. Best used for long distances
What is a folding rule?
A folding, or zigzag, rule is made of wood or metal, and has spring joints with brass fittings at the end
What is a caliper rule?
A rule beat used for measuring the diameter of a hole
What is a bench rule?
Made from steel, it is a rule best used for making accurate drawings and in cabinet work
What are batter boards used for?
Locating building lines
What is a marking gauge?
Used to mark lines parallel to the edge of a stock.
What are wheel marking gauges?
Similar to the marking gauge, but uses a wheel instead of a pin for marking.
What is a mortise gauge?
Similar to a marking gauge, but has two beams instead of one so that two lines can be laid out at the same time
What is a butt gauge?
A gauge used to layout hinge gains on doors and door jambs
What is a pencil compass?
A circle layout tool with a sharp point on one side, and a pencil on the other
What are trammel points?
Also called a “beam compass,” they are used to scribe a circle or an arc. One of the points can hold a pencil
What are the parts of a framing square?
Blade or body
Heel
Tongue
The side with the rafter table is considered the “face”
What are speed squares used for?
Finding rafter angles, scribe, or cutting guide
What is a try square?
A square used to see if a cut was square and accurate. Also used to check the accuracy of stationary power tools
What is a combination square?
A square with a sliding head.
What is a sliding T bevel?
A blade that can be set to any angle. Used for transferring angles in a layout
What are the 4 types of bench planes?
Jointer
Fore
Jack
Smooth
What are Jointer and Fore planes used for?
Dress rough cut boards. Have since been replaced with power tools.
What is a jack plane used for?
To bevel the leading edge of doors, for wooden doors and window sashes, and reduce the width of boards
What is a smooth plane used for?
Same as a jack plane, but is not as good for making a true straight edge due to its shorter length
What is a block plane used for?
Fitting mitred joints and bevelling edges
What are the types for handles for chisels?
Tang: long point that fits into handle
Socket: socket at one Ed to hold the handle
Moulded: useful for heavy duty work
What is a bench chisel?
Used for fine woodworking, typically have full or partially beveled edges to allow close work
What is a butt chisel?
A chisel used for door hinges and door jambs
What are paring chisels?
Used for light duty work such as cleaning grooves, accessing tight spaces and smoothing with the grain.
Firmer chisels and gouges
Medium duty chisels, normally driven with a mallet.
Gouges are used for smoothing hollows and grooves
Corner chisels
L shaped with two 90 degree cutting edges. Used to clean out inside corners of mortises and other square holes.
Skew chisels
Have a 30 degree skewed angle cutting edge. Used for trimming and finishing.
Framing chisels or “slick”
Originally designed for timber framing.
What is the second part of sharpening a chisel?
Whetting
Hand axe
Used for splitting braces and creating sharp points
Hatchet
Has a wider cutting edge than a hand axe, and has a single or double bevel
Shingling Hatchet
Has 2 sharp edges and an exposure gauge
Brad point drill bits
Used for boring wood, the point keeps the bit from skipping across the wood
Wood auger drill bits
Used for drilling larger diameter, deeper holes. They have a screw point that helps accuracy
Ship auger bits
Used for drilling wood and for deep boring in large timber. Used for installing telephone and electrical wires.
Spade bits
General purpose, inexpensive bits for high speed rough boring of wood.
Forstner bit
Used to bore smooth flat bottom holes, pocket holes, partial arcade and end grain holes.
Multispur bit
Equipped with a brad point, a number of teeth at its perimeter, and one cutting lip to remove waster from the middle of the hole. Most often used with a drilling jig for making the large hole required for door locks
Hole saw
Used for cutting round holes
Concrete/ masonry drill bits
Used to drill stone, concrete, and bricks.
Counter sinks
Used for pre- drilling
Combination wood drill and countersink/ counterbore
Creates a pilot hole and countersink for wood screws. Also creates holes for wood plugs.
Wrecking bar
Used for demo, stripping, and prying
Crowbar
Used for stripping forms and digging soil
Lining bar
Similar to a crowbar, but with a diamond point
L stripping bar
Used for stripping forms, flooring, and roof sheathing
Renovators bar
Used for prying and pulling nails
Flat pry bar/ wonder bar
Used for light duty stripping and prying
Lever bar/ scrapper
Used for baseboards, and scraping paint
Cats paw
Nail bar
Hammer claw styles
Straight or curved.
Curved is best for removing nails
Screwdriver bits
Robertson (square) Phillips Torx (X shape) Clutch (hourglass) Slot (flat)
Stubby and offset
Screwdrivers that are smaller, allowing for maneuverability in tight spaces
Combination slip joint pliers
General purpose pliers
Interlocking slip joint pliers
Used for gripping large or hard to get objects.
Needle nose pliers and round nose pliers
Needle nose are Mainly used for electrical work
Round nose are useful for bending wire into curves and circles
Diagonal pliers
Used for cutting wire, small nails or brads, or other small metal near the surface
End cutting pliers
Mainly used for cutting wire. Can also be used for pulling nails
Lineman’s pliers
Used to cut and twist wire
Locking pliers
Vise grip pliers, used for locking in place to free a hand
Open end wrench
Wrench with both ends open
Box end wrench
Closed on both sides
Combination wrench
One end open, one end closed
Adjustable wrench
Crescent wrench. Adjustable. Size is determined by length of the wrench
Hexagon key wrench
Allen key
Pipe wrench
Used to turn pipe and other round objects
