B-1 Plans/ Specs Flashcards
What are the three, 3-D views?
Perspective
Isometric
Oblique
Perspective view
Presents building just as it would look when finished. Gives a more realistic view. Uses a single vanishing point.
Isometric view
Plumb lines are vertical, and the horizontal lines are set at 30 degree angles from a line parallel to the bottom
Oblique view
Face or front view is drawn to exact scale and the oblique lines are extended at a 30-45 degree angle. Similar to perspective, but without a vanishing point
Orthographic view
Most common used for work.
Shows only one face of an object, such as the front, back, side, or top.
Architectural drawing
Main drawing of the building. Details all the finishing, and materials used. Includes floor plans, elevations, sections, and details.
Structural drawing
Gives information about beams and girders, the reinforcing steel design, and the size and shape of structural members.
Mechanical drawing
Used to identify and locate services for the mechanical trades: heating, plumbing, ventilation, air conditioning, and associated duct work.
Electrical drawing
Used to identify and locate services for the electrical part of the building. Shows layouts of wiring for lights, switches, outlets, and panels. Also shows low- voltage services such and telephone, cable, and internet.
Shop drawing
Made by manufactures of certain building components. Examples are cabinet manufactures, structural steel contractors, and window manufacturers. Architect or PM approves the shop drawings before the manufacturer begins construction.
As- built drawings
Shows where the electrical and mechanical systems were installed, as well as any changes that were made during construction. Changes should be identified with revision clouds. Often used for maintenance work and future renovations and retrofits
Landscape drawing
Shows all recommended trees, shrubs, flowers, grass, and structures such as fences, walkways, and seating.
What is a plan view?
A view directly overhead, looking down
What is an elevation view
A view from the side looking level.
Border line/ title block
The border line around the page is a solid dark like. Usually a soft pencil ( H, F, or HB)
Object lines
Define the edges of objects such as a wall or foundation. Solid, but darker than most in order to stand out. (2H)
Dimension lines
Used to show dimensions of walls and other objects, and to show locations and heights. Have several parts including extensions, end points, the dimension line, and dimension text. (4H)
Construction lines
Sometimes used by draft persons to position drawings and to transfer edges of objects from one perspective to another. Very light solid lines, and don’t show up in copies. (5H or 6H)
Hidden lines
Made of short or medium length dashes. Used to show location of object that are hidden by other objects. Often used to show footings on a foundation plan or upper cabinets on a floor plan.
Centre lines
Indicate the centre of and object, often used to provide location measurements for plumbing fixtures and other items. Made up of alternating long and short dashes
Beam lines
Long and short dashes, dark like an object line. Used to represent centre of a beam.
Leader lines
Used with text description to point to an object.
Break lines
Short, solid lines used to cut off part of an object or drawing. Commonly run 45 degrees with a zig zag in the middle.
Section lines
Used to show cutting planes to indicate section and cross section locations.
Joist lines
Lines with small flags at the end. Used to represent floor joists, roof joists, rafters, and trusses
Symbols and hatchings
Used to identify objects, materials, and views.
Hatching
Used to fill the space contained by object lines. Indicate material used and make drawings easier to interpret.
Plot plan
Small scaled drawing, showing the location of the building or structure and the distances between the building and property line (setbacks)
Includes property’s legal description, road location and name, an arrow north, and a benchmark for determining foundation heights
Foundation plan
Shows location of all footings, necessary reinforcing steel, and the type and strength of concrete used. Also detail the foundation wall construction, columns, pilasters, and other concrete structures used in the foundation
Floor plan
Provide room dimensions as well as overall dimension; the size, location, and swing of all doors and windows; and the size and spacing of the joists and beams overhead. Also show the location of the cabinets for the kitchen and bathroom, plumbing fixtures and the position of closet rods and shelves
Elevations
View of any vertical surface and is taken from the floor plans. Shows the exterior of building when finished. Shows finished grade line. Shows roof slopes and projections, decks and rails, and the height of the building.
Sections
Provide detailed drawings of the cross section of a building or wall unit. Show ceiling heights and clearances
Detail drawings
Displays information for the construction of a particular part of a building
