BYZANTIUMS POSITION BY 1095 Flashcards
from which 3 groups did Byzantium face the fear of invasion
the Seljuks, the Pechenegs and the Normans
what did defeat at Manzikert lead to
A civil war in Byzantium
which group took advantage of The civil war, conquering most of Anatolia
the Seljuks
conquering Anatolia restricted the Byzantines from what
Receiving men from Armenia
which 3 formerly Byzantine cities were taken by the Seljuks
Nicaea, Antioch & Nicomedia
when was Nicaea lost to the Seljuks
1080
when was Antioch lost to the Seljuks
1085
when was Nicomedia lost to the Seljuks
1091
which Seljuk warrior took Smyrna in 1084 but then losing it by 1088
Caka
However, who did Alexius ally with in 1081
Suleiman
how many troops did suleiman provide Alexius with at Larissa in 1083
7,000
why may it be argued that the Byzantines brought the seljuk threat upon themselves
They invited Mercenaries to fight for them, know that they may be used against them
which 2 European groups also threatened byzantium
The Norman’s and the Pechenegs
what treaty was signed between the Normans and the papacy in 1059
Treaty of Melfi
what was captured in april 1071
Bari
who was the leader of the normans
Robert Guiscard
which place did Guiscard repeatedly attack in 1081 and 1084
Epirus
at which battle in 1081 did Guiscard defeat Alexius
Dyrrachium
However, who was Guiscard’s daughter, Helena, betrothed to?
The son of Michael VII
However,who did Alexius ally with in 1082 that was Guiscards sworn enemy, forcing Guiscard to back off
Henry IV, The Holy Roman Emperor
which area of Byzantium did the Pechenegs regularly invade
The north
in which region did the Pechenegs want to stay in
Thrace
when did the Pechenegs try to invade Byzantium
1087
how did Alexius repel the Pechenegs
He payed them Off
why was Thrace important
it was very close to Constantinople
where were the Pechenegs ultimately destroyed in 1091
Lebounion
who did Alexius ally with at Lebounion
The Cumans, a rival tribe to the Pechenegs
the Cumans also posed a threat but where were they defeated at in 1094
Adrianople
How many emperors of Byzantium were there between 1071 and 1081
4
Who led a series of rebellions during Nikephorus reign
Nicephorus Basilakes and Nicephorus Bryennios
what issue arose following the battle of manzikert as thousands flocked towards Constantinople
Inflation
how did Michael VII attempt to curb the inflation
Through Debasement of the coinage
what did the gold content of the coinage fall from to
70% to 10%
which italian group were exempt from tax
the Venetians
what was the tax called
Kommerkion
However, what currency was established by Alexius in 1092
the Hyperpyron
what movement began to rise in popularity following the Byzantine defeat at Manzikert
Separatism
when did Roussel of Bailleul desert the empire to set up a lordship in Amaseia
1073
which Armenian Leader called himself the Leader of Cilicia and Also took Antioch in 1078
Phileretos
However, who was overthrown in 1075 by Alexius
Roussel of Bailleul
However,Who took back antioch from Phileretus on behalf of Alexios
Suleiman
However, with whom did Alexius have a notable relationship with which helped him achieve great support
Nicholas III Grammatikos , The Patriarch of Constantinople
when did the normans occupy corfu
February 1082
what was the name of the treaty that Alexios signed in 1082 with Henry IV
the Treaty of Venice
