BWS DQ Flashcards
If IIMC is encountered what crew actions/procedures will be accomplished?
a. Announce “inadvertent IMC” (P/P).
b. Transition to instrument flight (P/P).
c. Begin recovery procedures.
(1) Attitude. P* levels the wings on the attitude indicator. P will monitor.
(2) Heading. P* will announce and maintain the current heading; turning only to avoid known obstacles. The P will monitor.
(3) TQ. P* will announce and adjust the TQ to climb/cruise PWR as appropriate. The P will monitor.
(4) Airspeed. P* will adjust and announce the desired airspeed to climb or cruise as appropriate. The P will monitor.
(5) Trim. P* will maintain the aircraft in trim
Note. The P shall tune the radios to the appropriate frequencies, make the appropriate radio calls, and request ATC assistance, acknowledge and record ATC information.
Note. The P* announces if disoriented and unable to recover. The P may need to take the controls and implement recovery procedures.
After aircraft control is established in IIMC, what actions must be conducted IAW 1-212th SOP?
(1) Set transponder to Emergency.
(2) Climb to a minimum altitude of 3500’ MSL, (5000’ MSL when Cairns ARAC is not in operation due to Jacksonville/Atlanta Center coverage limitations).
(3) Contact Cairns Approach Control (JAX Center in AO Vanguard Central or South) (Atlanta Center in AO Vanguard North) if Cairns ARAC is not operational) on emergency frequency (243.0/121.5).
(4) State call sign (solo if applicable) and type aircraft.
(5) IIMC and intentions.
(6) After contact established, inform:
(a) Position as accurately as possible (do not delay call attempting to fix position).
(b) Altitude.
(c) Heading.
(d) Fuel remaining in hours and minutes.
(e) Number of people in the aircraft.
After the hover power check is done, the TQ differential is 13%. What maneuvers can be performed?
Steep approaches, instrument takeoffs and confined area operations may be performed
What are the actions of the P under the task “Maintain Airspace Surveillance”?
The P will inform the P* of any unannounced heading, altitude, attitude or position changes. The P will announce his inability to assist due to concentration inside the aircraft.
When landing, the crew will confirm the suitability of the area and that the aircraft is clear of barriers.
What are the slope limitations in the TH-67?
Slope landings shall be limited to slopes of 8 degrees or less. Caution is to be used at slopes greater than 5 degrees because rigging, loading, terrain and weather (wind) may alter the slope landing capability.
What are the abort criteria for slope landings?
“CAMPS”
Cyclic limits, Aircraft Limits, Mast Bumping, Personal / Physical Limits, Sliding
What are the torque limits for the TH-67?
0 to 85% Continuous Operation
> 85 to 100% Take-off Power Range (5 Minute Limit)
100% Maximum
Transient Torque Limit is 100 to 110% (5 second Maximum). INTENTIONAL USE IS PROHIBITED.
What is spike knock?
Spike knock is when the round pin in the drag pin fitting contacts the side of the square hole of the pylon stop which is mounted to the roof. If creates a loud noise and is a result of a rocking of the pylon.
While flying you experience a left yaw, drop in engine RPM, drop in rotor RPM, low RPM audio alarm, illumination of the ROTOR RPM warning light, ENGINE OUT warning light, and change in engine noise. What are your immediate action steps?
Partial or Complete Power Loss – Engine Failure
- AUTOROTATE
- EMER SHUTDOWN - Accomplish during descent if time permits
What is the format of a spot report? Explain the “W” portion of the spot report.
Callsign of the Observer, followed by:
- SALUTE: Size, Activity, Location, Unit, Time, Equipment, What are you going to do about it.
- SALT-W: Size, Activity, Location, Time, What are you going to do about it
Plan your actions based on your airframe and capabilities, rules of engagement, the current mission, theater guidance, and previous experience.
How long after enemy contact has been initiated do you wait to send a spot report?
As soon as possible, and continuously update
*Negative sightings should still be reported
What are the ways a pilot can determine the wind direction and velocity?
A. Direction: (Ground and Aircraft Cues)
a. Ground Cues (FLTP): Forecast winds, Smoke, Flags, Wind Socks, Leaves (lighter on upwind side, darker on downwind) Vegetation (Tall grass, weeds, crops wave action), Ponds/Lakes calm upwind
b. Aircraft Cues: Apparent ground speed - direction / magnitude of crab angle
B. Velocity: Light winds - leaves rustle in trees (5 knots or less) Heavier winds - branches move & time en route
What are the standards for the task Perform Aerial Observation?
- Detect the target using visual search techniques.
- Identify the target.
- Locate the target.
- Report the target as briefed.
* Definition: systematic search of a given area so that all parts of the area are observed or scanned.
Describe the two visual search techniques and when they are used?
A. Motive: 10kts or greater at terrain flight altitudes
a. Two sectors divide the aircraft: Observation work and non-Observation work. b. Observation work is further divided into two sectors, acquisition and recognition (acquisition sector is the forward 45 degree area directly out the nose of the helicopter, the primary area for search; recognition sector holds the remainder of the visible sector, left and right until you go into your blind spot / non-observation sector)
B. Stationary: At a hover at NOE altitudes
a. 50 meter intervals to the immediate front until the entire search area is covered.
What factors affect our ability to Detect?
Weather (meteorological), Altitude, Airspeed, Terrain, Visual Cues (movement, color, light, obvious sighting, smoke, shadows, texture, trails), Human Factors
When conducting a terrain flight takeoff, what are the actions of the P*?
A. Primary Focus Outside
B. Direct Crew-member to maintain visual reference outside the aircraft to assist in clearing and select reference points
C. Announce initiating the takeoff and whether the takeoff is from the ground or from a HVR and will also announce intentions to abort or alter the takeoff.
When conducting a terrain flight approach, how will the crew determine the landing direction?
A. Analyze the tactical situation, wind, long axis of the landing area, lowest obstacles
B. Select an approach angle that allows obstacle clearance while descending to the desired point of termination.
When conducting a terrain flight approach, what are the actions of the P*?
A. Visual Reference outside the aircraft
B. Direct co-pilot to maintain visual reference outside to assist in clearing / alter the approach if necessary
C. Announce the beginning of the approach when intercepting an angle that assures obstacle clearance
D. Announce whether to terminate to the ground or a hover, intended landing area, and any deviation to the approach.
While flying you experience a right yaw, a rapid increase in both rotor and engine RPM, and in increase in engine and rotor noise. What are the immediate action steps?
- Collective ─ Increase to load the rotor and sustain engine/rotor RPM below the maximum operating limit.
- Throttle ─ Adjust until normal operating RPM is attained.
- Land as soon as possible. Perform a power-on approach and landing by controlling the RPM manually with the throttle.
If RPM cannot be controlled by throttle adjustment:
- Autorotate when over a safe landing area.
- Emer Shutdown ─ Accomplish during descent if time permits.
When is reconnaissance performed?
Reconnaissance is performed before, during and after combat operations to provide information used by the battalion or ground force commanders to confirm or modify the plan.
When considering Aerial Observation, why is it important to report all information even though it may appear unimportant initially? Are negative enemy sightings important?
Spot reports provide commanders with critical information during the conduct of missions. Reports of no enemy sightings are frequently just as important as actual enemy sightings.
What are the standards for masking and unmasking an aircraft?
A. Perform a map reconnaissance.
B. Mask the aircraft from enemy visual and electronic detection.
C. Ensure that exposure time does not exceed 10 seconds when unmasking the aircraft.
D. Maintain a sufficient distance behind obstacles to allow for safe maneuvering.
E. Move to a new location, if AVAIL, before subsequent unmasking.
What are the fundamentals of reconnaissance?
- Gain and maintain enemy contact.
- Orient on the reconnaissance objective.
- Report all information timely and accurately.
- Retain freedom to maneuver.
- Develop the situation rapidly.
- Ensure maximum reconnaissance force forward.
- Ensure Continuous Reconnaissance.
While flying you experience a sudden increase in engine RPM, decrease in rotor RPM, left yaw and activation of the low RPM audio, and illumination of the ROTOR RPM warning light. What are your immediate action steps?
A. Autorotate – Establish a power on autorotation.
B. Emer Shutdown – Accomplish after landing.
(Main Drive Shaft Failure)
While performing an autorotation you notice that the rotor RPM decays with the engine RPM as the throttle is reduced to the engine idle position when entering an autorotational descent resulting in a loss of autorotational capability. What are the underlined steps for this maneuver?
A. Throttle – Open.
B. Land as soon as possible.
(Clutch fails to disengage)
What are the steps for tactical flight mission planning IAW the FTG?
- Analyze the mission using the factors of mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil considerations (METT-TC).
- Perform a map/photo reconnaissance using the AVAL map media, AMPS video map terminal, or photos. Ensure that all known hazards to terrain flight are plotted on the map or into the AMPS.
- Select appropriate primary and alternate routes and enter all of them on a map, route sketch, or into the AMPS.
- Select the appropriate terrain flight modes.
- Determine the distance ±1 kilometer, ground speed ±5 knots, and ETE ±1 minute for each leg of the flight.
- Determine the fuel required: OH-58 ±25 lbs, TH-67 ±3.7 lbs, and reserve IAW AR 95-1.
- Obtain and evaluate the weather briefing.
- Perform risk assessment per unit SOP.
- Conduct a thorough crew mission briefing IAW the unit SOP and Task 1000.
Describe the barrier and contingency selection process IAW the TFMPG.
BARRIER – A prominent feature which, when seen, indicates when an ACP, CP, or objective has been over-flown. Major highways, rivers and ridgelines are good examples. Use barriers to alert navigators an ACP has been over flown or bypassed and to cue for planned turns. A barrier may run perpendicular to the flight path to limit forward travel by indicating that the objective has been passed, parallel to the course line to funnel you into your objective, be a point barrier such as an antenna or tower, or be a time barrier.
CONTINGENCY – A backup plan to be used when the objective is not identified. A contingency plan begins at an easily identifiable point, preferably within 3-8 kilometers of the objective, from which navigation to the objective can be restarted.
How far apart should ACP’s be placed, when using a 1:50,000 map?
ACPs should be 5 to 20 kilometers apart.
As a general rule, select ACPs 5 to 20 kilometers apart when using scales of 1:100000 and below, and NM when utilizing map scales of 1:250000 and above.
What crew actions/procedures are performed upon contact with the enemy?
The first crewmember to recognize a threat will immediately announce enemy contact, type (hostile fire), and location of threat. If the situation requires, employ immediate suppressive fire.
- Deploy to cover. The P* will use the appropriate evasive maneuvers and suppressive fires for the contact. The P will assist with clearing the aircraft and retaining location of enemy.
- Report. The P will develop and send a report to higher.
- Maintain enemy contact. Both crewmembers will continue to observe the enemy using aerial observation and masking techniques. At times, it may be necessary to lose visual with the enemy to ensure aircraft is safely masked from the enemy.
- Develop the situation. Use various reconnaissance techniques as appropriate. Reconnaissance by fire-both direct and indirect may be used to develop the situation.
- Choose a course of action. This is usually briefed or understood from the tactical order or mission brief. The course of action may be anything from a hasty bypass to a hasty attack based upon assets AVAIL and the end state of the mission.
Why must contact with the enemy be maintained after initial contact has been made?
Contact reduces the threat’s ability to achieve surprise. Once contact is made, it is not voluntarily broken; orders must be received to break contact or be defined in the bypass criteria of the OPORD. To do otherwise could risk the survival of the unit because gaining and regaining contact are inherently risky endeavors.
What is the main criteria for selecting a Course of Action (COA) normally?
Resuming the mission as soon as possible is normally the main criteria for COA selection.
What are the possible COAs that may be selected during actions on contact?
A. Hasty Attack: Engage enemy on contact.
B. Bypass: Remain undetected and continue reconnaissance mission.
C. Hasty Screen: Maintain contact through observation.
D. Support by another team: Conduct a BHO for a hasty attack by another team, if available.
What are the five elements of an attack helicopter target handover? Give an example of a target handover to an attack helicopter using all five elements.
- Alert and Target Description. This alerts the receiving element to the presence of and a description of the target.
- Target Location. This provides the receiving element with the target location. Location may be a grid coordinate, a direction and distance, a laser spot, a prominent manmade feature or a prominent terrain feature.
- Method of Engagement/Attack. This provides the receiving element with a planned scheme of maneuver or fire distribution plan.
- Execution. This provides the receiving element the situational awareness needed to assess the engagement technique to utilize to service the target (i.e., At My Command, Heading 270°, Running Fire, HVR Fire, Diving Fire, etc).
- Post Engagement/Attack Actions. This provides the receiving element a plan for further action. There may be a need to re-attack the target or exit the engagement area (EA).
RED 6 this is RED 7, we’ve identified hostiles in a pickup, armed with small arms. Target location is along a dirt road in vicinity grid FM 12345678. Engage target with circling fire. Continue circling after engagement.
What are the methods of target location used in an attack helicopter target handover?
A. Grid Coordinate B. Direction and distance C. Laser Spot D. Prominent manmade feature E. Prominent terrain feature
What is the minimum information required for an attack helicopter target handover?
Note. The five elements of the target handover format should be used when possible. In a situation requiring immediate suppressive fire from a wingman or supporting aircraft, the minimum information required is:
a. Target description.
b. Direction from the aircraft being engaged (magnetic azimuth or clock position).
c. Range from the aircraft being engaged.
