Buzzwords Flashcards
third-person auditory hallucinations
schizophrenia
Mesocortical dopamine hypoactivity
negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia
subcortical dopamine hyperactivity
psychosis
Dopamine pathways in the brain
tuberoinfundibular (concerned with prolactin release), nigrostriatal (extra pyramidal motor movements), subcortical and mesocortical (sometimes known as mesolimbic system) (motivation and reward). The latter is dysregulated in schizophrenia (see above point)
Mesolimbic - Da blockade and Da agonism
- Da blockade is Depression
- Da agonism is psychosis
rules for starting Clozapine
need to try 2 other anti-psych and be a consultant to prescribe. Lots of monitoring once a week for the first 6/12, then once every 2 weeks for the next 6/12 then every four weeks thereafter and one month after discontinuation.
Limbic system functions
M2OVE - Motivation, memory, olfaction, visceral afferents and Emotion
Brain changes in schizophrenia
reduced frontal lobe volume (and grey matter), enlarged lateral ventricles, reduced grey matter in the temporal cortex.
Pressure of thought
varied ideas in abundance (characteristic of mania but can also be seen in schizophrenia)
Poverty of thought
patient reports lack/absence of thoughts
thought blocking
abrupt and complete interruption of stream (strongly associated with schizophrenia)
Flight of ideas
quickly moving from one topic to another but there is a link unlike in knight’s move thinking where there does not appear to be a link between point A and point B. - seen in bipolar during manic phase
Amygdala
involved in normal response to threat
Management of OCD
- SSRI, 2. SSRI, 3. TCA or SSRI, 4. SSRI or TCA - (TCA used is chlomipramine) so essentially an SSRI and if there is a partial response at any of those points, consider CBT as an adjunct
Learning disabilities
borderline 70-80 ish, mild 50-69, moderate 35-49, severe 20-34, profound <20
