buzzwords Flashcards
cannon balls
renal mets on CXR
loin to groin pain
renal colic
sea anemone
transitional cell carcinoma on cystoscopy
UTI + travel to india
carbapenemase - producing klebsiella (resistent to all antibiotics)
beading of renal artery
fibromucsular dysplasia
RBS casts in urine
proves haematuria is glomerular
muddy brown casts of epithelial cells
acute tubular necrosis
potato appearance
testicular seminoma
subarachnoid haemorrhage
ADPKD (as a result of ruptures berry aneurysm_
when is pre renal failure common in hospital patients
poor oral intake and N+ V
what in urine suggests infection
NITRITES not nitrates
how to investigate recurrent UTI
excretion urography
how to treat symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
amoxicillin
which 2 things are common in nephrotic syndrome
hypercholesteraemia and venous thrombosis
acute renal failure vs chronic renal failrue
acute - oliguria
chronic - polyuria
what should always be requested in AKI and why
USS - check for obstruction + nephromegaly
does early prostatic cancer have symptoms
not usually
fluid requirement per day
30ml/kg/day e.g. 70kg man need 2.1L/day
urine output per day
0.5ml / kg / day i.e. 80kg man should urniate 40ml / day
electrolytes per day
1mmol/kg/day
alport disease 2 problems
deaf and kidney problems
can of worms prostate feeling
varicocele
scrotal swelling that you can’t get above
inguinal hernia
scrotal swelling you can get above
hydrocele
teratoma age and treatment
<30
chemo
renal stones vs peritonitis
cannot lie still vs patient lying very still
storage symptoms
increased frequency ,urgency
nocturne
painful stream
voiding symptoms
poor stream
incomplete voiding
terminal crippling
hesitancy
male flow rate
20-25mls / s
female flow rate
25-30ml / s
> ml/s flow rate =
obstruction unliklet
<10ml/s flow rate =
obstruction
how long does an arteriovenous fistula need to mature before it can be used for haemodyalisis
6 weeks
when can a peritoneal Cather be used
after 1-2 weeks
auto rejection therapy x2
calcinerai inhibitors (cyclosporin) azathioprine + mycophenolate
normo-albuminuria
< 30 mg / day
microalbumuria =
30-300mg / day
macroalbumuria
> 300mg / day
investigations for people with haematuria
> 50 - CT
< 50 - USS of kidney, cystoscopy then CT
solid masses > 3 are often
malignant
what does Anderson fabrys disease cause
renal
liver
lung problems
who mode of inheritance in Anderson fabrys
X linked
which deficiency is in AF disease
inborn error of glycosphingolipid metabolism
deficieny of a-galactosidase A
derm feature of AF disease
angiokeratoma
tiny painless dark red papule that occur on thighs, belly button and lower abdomen and bum
inheritance of medullary cystic kidney
autosomal dominant
age of medullary cystic kidney
28
what test for circulating levels of anti-streptolysin O
ASOT
in older men, what is ac common cause of acute renal fialure
acute on chronic urinary retention
indications for emergency dialysis
persistent hyperkalaemia
fluid overload
acidosis
pericarditis
if you suspect UTI - do this
urethral swab culture
what is pneumaturia and what is it a symptom of
passing bubbles in urine
fistula between the bladder and colon or rectum
or gas forming organisms in urinary infections
how to investigate pneumatria
barium enema - looking for the extra-luminal barium and identification of the underlying cause
infective complications of CAPD
- coagulase negative staph
- exacerbation of pre-existing hyperlipidaemia
presentation of epididymo-orchitis
testicular pain that started initially with a dull ache and has gradually become worse to the extent that the patient finds it difficult to walk
when is epididymis-orchitis common
> 40
how to rule out abscess in epidydmis - orchitis
antibiotic cover
US
is glomerulonephrosis is suspected, do
renal biopsy
what can gentamicin treatment cause
proteinuria
what can cause nephropahty
chronic exposure to lead e.g. painters contrast imaging (e.g. angiography)
bunch of grapes appearnce
medullary sponge kidney
inheritance of medullary sponge kidney
sporadic
what happens in medullary sponge kidney
dilation of collecting ducts
rare
medullary appear like a sponge in severe cases
cysts have calculi
diagnosis of medullary sponge kidney
excretion urography to demarcate calculi
what is the whole urinary tract lined by
transitional epithelium
when does reduced Na delivery to macular dense occur
when there is also a fall in renal perfusion pressure
painless haematuria until proven otherwise
bladder cancer
