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PRIYA RENAL > buzzwords > Flashcards

buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

cannon balls

A

renal mets on CXR

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2
Q

loin to groin pain

A

renal colic

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3
Q

sea anemone

A

transitional cell carcinoma on cystoscopy

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4
Q

UTI + travel to india

A

carbapenemase - producing klebsiella (resistent to all antibiotics)

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5
Q

beading of renal artery

A

fibromucsular dysplasia

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6
Q

RBS casts in urine

A

proves haematuria is glomerular

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7
Q

muddy brown casts of epithelial cells

A

acute tubular necrosis

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8
Q

potato appearance

A

testicular seminoma

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9
Q

subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

ADPKD (as a result of ruptures berry aneurysm_

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10
Q

when is pre renal failure common in hospital patients

A

poor oral intake and N+ V

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11
Q

what in urine suggests infection

A

NITRITES not nitrates

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12
Q

how to investigate recurrent UTI

A

excretion urography

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13
Q

how to treat symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

A

amoxicillin

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14
Q

which 2 things are common in nephrotic syndrome

A

hypercholesteraemia and venous thrombosis

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15
Q

acute renal failure vs chronic renal failrue

A

acute - oliguria

chronic - polyuria

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16
Q

what should always be requested in AKI and why

A

USS - check for obstruction + nephromegaly

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17
Q

does early prostatic cancer have symptoms

A

not usually

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18
Q

fluid requirement per day

A

30ml/kg/day e.g. 70kg man need 2.1L/day

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19
Q

urine output per day

A

0.5ml / kg / day i.e. 80kg man should urniate 40ml / day

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20
Q

electrolytes per day

A

1mmol/kg/day

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21
Q

alport disease 2 problems

A

deaf and kidney problems

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22
Q

can of worms prostate feeling

A

varicocele

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23
Q

scrotal swelling that you can’t get above

A

inguinal hernia

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24
Q

scrotal swelling you can get above

A

hydrocele

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25
Q

teratoma age and treatment

A

<30

chemo

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26
Q

renal stones vs peritonitis

A

cannot lie still vs patient lying very still

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27
Q

storage symptoms

A

increased frequency ,urgency
nocturne
painful stream

28
Q

voiding symptoms

A

poor stream
incomplete voiding
terminal crippling
hesitancy

29
Q

male flow rate

A

20-25mls / s

30
Q

female flow rate

A

25-30ml / s

31
Q

> ml/s flow rate =

A

obstruction unliklet

32
Q

<10ml/s flow rate =

A

obstruction

33
Q

how long does an arteriovenous fistula need to mature before it can be used for haemodyalisis

A

6 weeks

34
Q

when can a peritoneal Cather be used

A

after 1-2 weeks

35
Q

auto rejection therapy x2

A 
calcinerai inhibitors (cyclosporin) 
azathioprine + mycophenolate
36
Q

normo-albuminuria

A

< 30 mg / day

37
Q

microalbumuria =

A

30-300mg / day

38
Q

macroalbumuria

A

> 300mg / day

39
Q

investigations for people with haematuria

A

> 50 - CT

< 50 - USS of kidney, cystoscopy then CT

40
Q

solid masses > 3 are often

A

malignant

41
Q

what does Anderson fabrys disease cause

A

renal
liver
lung problems

42
Q

who mode of inheritance in Anderson fabrys

A

X linked

43
Q

which deficiency is in AF disease

A

inborn error of glycosphingolipid metabolism

deficieny of a-galactosidase A

44
Q

derm feature of AF disease

A

angiokeratoma

tiny painless dark red papule that occur on thighs, belly button and lower abdomen and bum

45
Q

inheritance of medullary cystic kidney

A

autosomal dominant

46
Q

age of medullary cystic kidney

A

28

47
Q

what test for circulating levels of anti-streptolysin O

A

ASOT

48
Q

in older men, what is ac common cause of acute renal fialure

A

acute on chronic urinary retention

49
Q

indications for emergency dialysis

A

persistent hyperkalaemia
fluid overload
acidosis
pericarditis

50
Q

if you suspect UTI - do this

A

urethral swab culture

51
Q

what is pneumaturia and what is it a symptom of

A

passing bubbles in urine
fistula between the bladder and colon or rectum
or gas forming organisms in urinary infections

52
Q

how to investigate pneumatria

A

barium enema - looking for the extra-luminal barium and identification of the underlying cause

53
Q

infective complications of CAPD

A
  • coagulase negative staph

- exacerbation of pre-existing hyperlipidaemia

54
Q

presentation of epididymo-orchitis

A

testicular pain that started initially with a dull ache and has gradually become worse to the extent that the patient finds it difficult to walk

55
Q

when is epididymis-orchitis common

A

> 40

56
Q

how to rule out abscess in epidydmis - orchitis

A

antibiotic cover

US

57
Q

is glomerulonephrosis is suspected, do

A

renal biopsy

58
Q

what can gentamicin treatment cause

A

proteinuria

59
Q

what can cause nephropahty

A 
chronic exposure to lead e.g. painters 
contrast imaging (e.g. angiography)
60
Q

bunch of grapes appearnce

A

medullary sponge kidney

61
Q

inheritance of medullary sponge kidney

A

sporadic

62
Q

what happens in medullary sponge kidney

A

dilation of collecting ducts
rare
medullary appear like a sponge in severe cases
cysts have calculi

63
Q

diagnosis of medullary sponge kidney

A

excretion urography to demarcate calculi

64
Q

what is the whole urinary tract lined by

A

transitional epithelium

65
Q

when does reduced Na delivery to macular dense occur

A

when there is also a fall in renal perfusion pressure

66
Q

painless haematuria until proven otherwise

A

bladder cancer

PRIYA RENAL (4 decks)

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