Buzzwords

Question 1

Patient has fever + pleuritic chest pain and is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

Answer 1

Pericarditis

Question 2

Irregularly Irregular

Answer 2

AF

Question 3

On ECG - saw tooth baseline + 150bpm

Has F waves

Answer 3

Atrial flutter

Question 4

Alveolar bat’s wings, kerley B line, cariomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessel pleural effusion

Answer 4

Pulmonary oedema

Question 5

Tearing pain, radiating to the back

Answer 5

Aortic dissection

Question 6

Raised JVP

Answer 6

Right sided HF

Question 7

A sense of impending doom

Answer 7

MI

Question 8

ECG - Saddle shaped ST elevation

Answer 8

Pericarditis

Question 9

Broad complex tachycardia

Answer 9

ventricular Failure

Question 10

Pan-Diastolic murmur

Answer 10

Mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, or ventricular septal defect

Question 11

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex

Answer 11

Mitral Stenosis

Question 12

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave).

Answer 12

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Question 13

Tall, tented, T waves

Answer 13

Wide QRS complex - hyperkalaemia

Question 14

Patient gets pericarditis 4-6 weeks post MI

Answer 14

Dressler’s syndrome

Question 15

Blurred yellowy vision and headaches

Answer 15

Digoxin Toxicity

Question 16

Janeway lesion/osler nodes

Answer 16

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Question 17

Continuous Machine like Heart Murmur

Answer 17

Patent ductus Arteriosus

Question 18

Rib notching on CXR

Answer 18

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 19

Crescendo decrescendo murmur

Answer 19

Aortic stenosis

Question 20

Diminished absent lower limb pulses

Answer 20

Coarctation of the aorta - congenital heart defect where there is a narrowing of the heart - left ventricles need to work harder.

Question 21

Systolic murmurs

Answer 21

Aortic stenosis + mitral Regurg

Question 22

Diastolic murmur

Answer 22

Mitral stenosis + aortic regurg

Question 23

What are the 4 Ts for cardiac arrest?

Answer 23

Tamponade
Tension pneumothorax
Thromboembolism
Toxins

Question 24

What are the 4Hs fo cardiac arrest?

Answer 24

Hypovolaemic
Hypoxia
Hyperkalaemia / hypokalaemia
Hypothermia

Question 25

What are the 8 Cs for finger clubbing?

Answer 25

Cardiac (infective endocarditis)
Chest (suppuration: empyema, abscess, bronchiectasis)
Colonic
Cirrhosis
Carcinoma (chest)
Compression (e.g. pan-coast tumour causing neuro-vascular compression)
Congenital defects
Circulation (AV fistula in dialysis patients).

Question 26

A wave

Answer 26

Atrial contraction:

Large atrial pressure i.e. Tricuspid stenosis, pulmonary stenosis

Question 27

C wave

Answer 27

Closure of tricuspid wave

Question 28

V wave

Answer 28

Due filling of blood atrium

Giant V wave in tricuspid regurg

Question 29

X decent

Answer 29

fall in atrial pressure due to ventricle systole

Question 30

Y decent

Answer 30

opening of tricuspid valve