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Crisis Development in Psychology > Büt Çalışması > Flashcards

Büt Çalışması Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an adolescent crisis?

A

Identity vs. role confusion

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2
Q

What is age of adolescent crisis?

A

Occurs at age 12-19

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3
Q

What is the goal during the adolescent crisis?

A

Clear sense of self-identity (Net bir öz kimlik duygusuna ulaşmak)

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4
Q

Why is the adolescent period important?

A

Intelligence peaks
Decisions about the future
Physical and sexual identity crises occur

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5
Q

How do adolescents typically react to life-altering events? (Ergenler hayatlarını değiştiren olaylara tipik olarak nasıl tepki verirler?)

A

They may experience very strong reactions and seek support among peers.

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6
Q

Who are adolescents more likely to seek support from?

A

Peers instead of family or professional help

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7
Q

How has depression and anxiety among teenagers changed recently?

A

Increased by 2-3% in the past 25 years by %70

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8
Q

What are the pathological problems among adolescents, which have increased by 70% in the last 25 years?

A

Depression and Anxiety

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9
Q

What are some causes of teenage crises?

A

Peer and social pressure
Drug use
Alcohol consumption
Traumatic events
Family conflict
Parental divorce/separation

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10
Q

What are signs of a teen crisis?

A

Disengagement from school
Avoiding old friends
Violence
Self-harm
Changes in eating patterns
Promiscuity
Dramatic changes in sleep patterns

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11
Q

What interventions can help during a teen crisis?

A

Self-help strategies
Education and training for parents and teens
Group or individual counseling/therapy
Changing schools
Moving to a new area

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12
Q

Why is Alzheimer’s disease a crisis for caregivers?

A

It can be emotionally and financially ruinous for families, caregivers, and society at large.

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13
Q

What is Alzheimer’s disease?

A

A brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills.

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14
Q

What is Alzheimer’s commonly caused by?

A

The most common form of dementia

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Memory loss
Difficulty remembering new information
Confusion
Mood and behavior changes
Declining ability to care for oneself
Impaired ability to perform basic life tasks
Difficulty carrying on a conversation

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16
Q

What is the ultimate outcome of Alzheimer’s disease?

A

It is ultimately fatal.

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17
Q

How is Alzheimer’s disease viewed in the U.S.?

A

The most feared
The most expensive disease.

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18
Q

What are the leading causes of death the most?

A

Heart disease
Cancer
Alzheimer’s disease

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19
Q

Is Alzheimer’s disease a normal part of aging?

A

No, it is not a normal part of aging.

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20
Q

Alzheimer’s disease is not a normal part of ______

A

aging

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21
Q

Does Alzheimer’s disease remain stable or worsen over time?

A

It worsens over time.

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22
Q

Is there a current cure for Alzheimer’s disease?

A

No cure exists, but treatments for symptoms are available and research continues.

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23
Q

What is features of alzheimer?

A

It worsens over time.
No cure exists, but treatments research for symptoms continues.
It is not a normal part of aging.

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24
Q

What are the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease related to cognitive function?

A

Memory loss
Impaired thinking and reasoning
Difficulty making judgments and decisions
Challenges in planning and performing familiar tasks

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25
Q

What personality and behavioral changes can Alzheimer’s disease cause?

A

Depression
Apathy
Social withdrawal
Mood swings
Distrust in others

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26
Q

What other experiences may someone with Alzheimer’s have?

A

Apathy
Social withdrawal
Mood swings
Wandering
Changes in sleeping habits

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27
Q

What is the average life expectancy after an Alzheimer’s diagnosis?

A

On average, life expectancy is 8 years after diagnosis, but survival can range from 4 to 20 years.

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28
Q

What types of burdens (yükler) do caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients experience?

A

Physical
Psychological
Emotional
Social
Financial

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29
Q

What percentage of caregivers are aged 65 or older?

A

34%

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30
Q

Among caregivers, what is the gender distribution?

A

2/3 are women
Specifically, over one-third of dementia caregivers are daughters

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31
Q

What portion of caregivers belongs to the sandwich generation?

A

1/4

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32
Q

What level of stress do Alzheimer’s caregivers frequently report?

A

High levels of stress

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33
Q

Which disease group are carers caring for when they experience high levels of stress?

A

Alzheimer’s caregivers

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34
Q

What are common symptoms of caregiver stress?

A

Denial
Anger
Social withdrawal
Anxiety
Depression
Exhaustion
Sleeplessness
Irritability
Lack of concentration
Health problems

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35
Q

What are some statistics related to caregiver health issues?

A

59% report depression or anxiety
33% miss their own doctor’s appointments
15% hospitalized for their own health problems

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36
Q

What are some tips for Alzheimer’s caregivers?

A

Don’t be in denial (İnkar etmeyin)
Avoid asking “Do you remember?”
Don’t argue, correct, or disagree
Interact with the person at their level
Take care of yourself – let others help you, talk about your feelings, eat healthily, exercise, get plenty of rest

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37
Q

What are some causes of suicide?

A

Illness
Family conflict
Financial difficulties
Emotional relationship issues
Educational failure
Inability to marry the person they wanted

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38
Q

What other factors are associated with an increased risk of suicide?

A

Children and young people
Men (3 times more likely than women)
The elderly
The unemployed
Alcohol and drug abuse

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39
Q

How does the risk of suicide compare in patients with mental disorders to those without?

A

The risk is higher for patients with mental disorders, especially if co-existent (diğer ruhsal durumlarla beraber) with other mental conditions.

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40
Q

What is a notable statistic about suicide in Western countries?

A

Depressive disorder is a significant factor. (%90)

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41
Q

How can social media influence suicide-related behavior?

A

Increase the risk, especially among 10-14 year-olds.

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42
Q

What other associations increase the risk of suicide?

A

Bipolar disorder
Depression
Drug abuse
Schizophrenia (9% fold greater risk than general population)

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43
Q

What are some protective factors against suicide?

A

Genetic
Family support
community support
Easy access to clinical support
Attitudinal or behavioral characteristics
Effective clinical care for mental, physical, and substance abuse disorders

44
Q

What are some warning signs of suicide?

A

Talking and writing about death or suicide
Insomnia
Increasing alcohol or other drug use
Isolating from family and friends
Looking for ways to harm oneself

45
Q

What are specific warning signs of suicide in the elderly?

A

Buying a gun
Stockpiling medications
Withdrawing from relationships
Losing interest or a sudden interest in religion

46
Q

What are specific warning signs of suicide in adolescents?

A

Depression
Self-mutilation
Gender identity issues
Eating disorders
Unstable mood swings or sudden changes in personality

47
Q

What are two important strategies when dealing with difficult people?

A

Listen
Stay calm
Don’t judge
Set limits
Don’t act defensively
Look for the hidden need

48
Q

How should you deal with a Complainer?

A

Listen carefully
Take control of the situation
Switch to problem-solving

49
Q

What is a good strategy when dealing with someone who is Indecisive?

A

Place all the alternatives in order of importance
Give them lots of support after they have made a decision

50
Q

What should you do when interacting with a Know-It-All Expert?

A

Listenbut you don’t have to agree
Avoid being a counter-expert
Provide solid information and sources

51
Q

What should you do when dealing with a hostile-aggressive person?

A

Stay calm
Keep your emotions in check
Be flexible within reason
Adopt a passive body posture

52
Q

What should you NOT do when dealing with a hostile-aggressive person?

A

Argue
Turn your back
Tolerate violence or aggression

53
Q

What are some characteristics of narcissistic clients?

A

Believe they’re unique or special
Lack empathy
Are arrogant

54
Q

What should you do when interacting with a narcissist?

A

Stay calm
Set limits
Educate yourself
Watch your wording

55
Q

What should you NOT do when interacting with a narcissist?

A

Don’t argue
Don’t try to direct them
Don’t expect them to see your point of view

56
Q

What are the age categories for elderly individuals?

A

75+ Elderly (older persons)
85+ Oldest-old

57
Q

What are some common fears associated with aging?

A

Isolation
Loneliness
Dependence
Declining health
Running out of money
Not being able to drive

58
Q

What does biological age refer to?

A

Biological age refers to the present position of an individual relative to his potential life-span.

59
Q

What types of age and aging?

A

Social
Biological
Psychologica

60
Q

What does psychological age refer to?

A

Psychological age refers to the position of individuals relative to some population with regard to adaptive capacities as observed or inferred from measurements of behavior.

61
Q

What does social age refer to?

A

Social age refers to the social habits and roles of the individual relative to his group or society.

62
Q

What are common problems faced by the elderly?

A

Social problems
Health problems

63
Q

What are psychologists who work with older adults known as?

A

Geropsychologists.

64
Q

How can you protect your brain as you age?

A

Believing in having control over physical and social life leads to better memory and intellectual functioning.
Lack of perceived control is linked to feelings of anxiety and distress.

65
Q

What has research found about education and brain health?

A

Connection between education and good cognitive functioning.

66
Q

What effect does physical exercise have on the brain?

A

New neural connections.

67
Q

How can natural body changes associated with aging impact mental health?

A

may increase depression.

68
Q

What additional symptoms do depressed older adults experience?

A

insomnia and memory loss.

69
Q

Which feelings associated with aging can spur thoughts of suicide?

A

Feelings of hopelessness and isolation.

70
Q

Among which adults are feelings of hopelessness and loneliness common?

A

Disobitinies or confined to nursing homes.

71
Q

What are the components of successful aging?

A

Engagement with life
High cognitive and physical function
Absence of disease or disability

72
Q

What health risks increase with menopause?

A

Heart disease
Colon cancer
Osteoporosis

73
Q

What are some physical symptoms of estrogen depletion?

A

Insomnia
Tension
Fatigue
Memory loss

74
Q

What mood changes might occur due to estrogen depletion?

A

Stress
Lack of motivation
Irritability
Feelings of sadness

75
Q

What is an effective treatment for menopause symptoms?

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).

76
Q

What are other coping methods for menopause?

A

Watching your diet
Getting exercise
Ensuring enough sleep
Relaxation techniques

77
Q

What is andropause?

A

A condition associated with the decrease in male hormones, typically occurring in men around their 50s.

78
Q

______________ may aslo be a result of potential physical and emotinal effects of menapause.

A

Depression

79
Q

What emotional challenges are common with menopause?

A

Anxiety
Depression
Relationship challenges

80
Q

How does the emotional pain of menopause compare to other conditions?

A

Can be similar to that associated with cancer, HIV, and chronic pain.

81
Q

What psychological responses to menopause are more likely to be reported?

A

Anger
Denial
Guilt
Isolation
Grief

82
Q

How long can menopause last, and at what age does it typically occur?

A

Menopause can last for 8-10 years and usually occurs at the median age of 50.

83
Q

What are some existential crises that menopausal women may face?

A

Youth
Attractiveness
Fertility

84
Q

Might menopausal women often what experience?

A

Changes in self-esteem and body image.

85
Q

______________ is a normal transition for woman and every woman experience menapause differently.

A

Menapause

86
Q

What emotional challenges can be associated with the non-fulfillment of a wish for a child? (Bir çocuğun dileğinin yerine getirilmemesi ne gibi duygusal zorluklara yol açabilir?)

A

Anger
Depression
Anxiety
Marital problems
Feelings of worthlessness

87
Q

What can develop in infertile couples under pressure to make medical decisions?

A

Marital discord

88
Q

In infertile couples, who shows higher levels of distress?

A

Women generally show higher levels of distress than their male partners.

89
Q

Who has a more intense desire to have a baby in the context of infertility?

A

Women show a more intense desire to have a baby than men.

90
Q

What kind of crisis is infertility?

A

Infertility is a life crisis with a wide range of socio-cultural, emotional, physical, and financial problems.

91
Q

Statistically, how often is infertility a female problem compared to a male problem?

A

Approximately 35% of the time it’s a female problem, and 35% it’s a male problem.

92
Q

____________ is a form of psychological terrorism where emotional and psychological abuse is systematically imposed on an individual to emotionally, psychologically, physically, and professionally destroy them.

A

Mobbing

93
Q

How is mobbing characterized?

A

Mobbing is characterized by systematic psychological abuse or humiliation.

94
Q

What are some common mobbing actions in the workplace?

A

Ignoring people’s work
Taking away their responsibilities
Aggressive yelling or shouting
Threatening or attempting physical violence

95
Q

What are the consequences of mobbing at the workplace?

A

Higher physiological stress
Low job satisfaction
Loss of time and money
Rise in healthcare costs.

96
Q

What are the types of mobbing?

A

Downwards (↓)
Horizontal (→)
Upwards (↑)

97
Q

How long must mobbing last to be considered as such?

A

Duration of at least 6 consecutive months

98
Q

What is the frequency requirement for an action to be considered mobbing?

A

Several times each month in consecutive months

99
Q

What are some actions that can be considered as mobbing?

A

Incorrect evaluations
Gossip
Violence
Systematic isolation from colleagues
Free speech is prohibited

100
Q

What is the prevalence rate of mobbing in many countries?

A

%17

101
Q

What are the characteristics of mobbing targets?

A

Highly creative and dedicated
Employees under age 25 or over age 55
Honest, ethical, with superior competence
Often the best employees

102
Q

What are the five phases of mobbing behavior?

A

Conflict
Aggressive acts
Management involvement
Labeling
Exclusion

103
Q

What are the three types of disorders related to mobbing effects/results?

A

Physical
Mental
Behavioral

104
Q

List some consequences of mobbing.

A

Economic loss
Social problems
Anger
Stress
Sleep disorders
Alcohol abuse
Depression

105
Q

What are some individual recommendations to cope with mobbing?

A

Stay calm
Avoid clash
Emotions should be kept in check around wrongdoers
Negotiate with witnessed colleagues

106
Q

What does the number “170” refer to?

A

Number of Ministries of Labor and Social Security

Crisis Development in Psychology (2 decks)

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