Business Las Chapter 3

Question 1

Fourth Amendment

Answer 1

Security against unreasonable search and seizure. Must have probable cause for a warrant.

Question 2

First Amendment

Answer 2

Freedom of speech, press, religion, peaceable assembly, and petitioning the government for reforms. These have become an innate part of American life and jurisprudence

Question 3

Judicial

Answer 3

Interpret and administer the law

Question 4

Legislative

Answer 4

Create laws to govern society

Question 5

Executive

Answer 5

Create admin. agencies and government policies

Question 6

Eighth Amendment

Answer 6

Prohibits excessive fines or bails; bans cruel and unusual punishment.

In Furman v. Georgia, the Supreme Court said that this clause prohibited death penalty. Another ruling 4 years later overturned that decision.

Question 7

Nineteenth Amendment

Answer 7

Gave women the long-deserved right to vote.

Pioneers of women’s rights like Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s efforts finally paid off

Question 8

Second Amendment

Answer 8

The right to bear arms for the security of the people. Always controversial, the Courts have held that this does not allow unlimited gun usage

Question 9

Sixth Amendment

Answer 9

Right to a speedy and public trial with an impartial jury. Must be told exactly what the accusations are

Question 10

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 10

Abolished slavery in the United States. A Civil War and the deaths of many Americans were behind this Amendment’s passage and ratification.

Question 11

Every person has an equal say

Answer 11

Democracy

Question 12

A representative democracy

Answer 12

Republic

Question 13

Freedom from external control

Answer 13

Sovereignty

Question 14

Third Amendment

Answer 14

Soldiers cannot be quartered in private homes during times of war or peace, without the owner’s consent

Question 15

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 15

Everybody born or naturalized within the United States were citizens.
Extended due process to the accused in state crimes. Gave equal protection to all citizens

Question 16

Seventh Amendment

Answer 16

Jury trial for any civil cases where the value exceeds $20. The value of $20 at that time must have been a lot more, but the Amendment is still the law of the land

Question 17

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 17

Stated that race, color, or previous status as slaves cannot be used to deny any person the right to vote.
In spite of this, the Jim Crow laws were popular in the south until Brown v. Board of Education

Question 18

What is a change to the Constitution

Answer 18

Amendment

Question 19

To Change the Constitution:

Answer 19

2/3 majority vote in Senate and House…
then 2/3 vote in all state legislatures…
then return to both for a ¾ majority vote for ratification

Question 20

Ninth Amendment

Answer 20

The rights not specifically stated are nevertheless given to the people.

In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court said that this Amendment allows personal abortion choices to women.

Question 21

Fifth Amendment

Answer 21

Guarantees the right to a Grand Jury; prohibits double jeopardy; cannot be made to testify against oneself; due process of law; private property cannot be taken without compensation.

Question 22

Tenth Amendment

Answer 22

The powers not given to the United States (federally) are reserved to the States.